BHT with Full Translator’s NotesMark 3 =
3
“Which Does the Torah Permit on the Sabbath: To Do Good, or to Do Harm?”
1 Then Jesus+ again went into the synagogue. There was a man there whose hand was shrunken and paralyzed,+ 2 and some people+ were watching Jesus+ closely to see if he would heal the man+ on the Sabbath,+ so that they could have something+ of which to accuse him.+
3 “Stand up where everyone can see you,+” Jesus+ said to the man with the paralyzed hand. 4 Then he asked them, “Which does the Torah permit+ on the Sabbath: To do good,+ or to do harm+? To save+ a life, or to kill it?” But they remained silent. 5 After looking around at them with anger, deeply grieved at their calloused hearts,++ he said to the man, “Stretch out your hand.” The man+ did so, and his hand was restored! 6 So the Pharisees went out and immediately began forming a plot+ against him with these+ people: Those politically loyal to the Herodian dynasty.+ Together they made plans+ to have+ him put to death.
“He Was Followed by a Very Large Crowd”
7 Jesus, with his disciples, withdrew to the lake. He was+ followed by a very+ large crowd from Galilee—and from Judea 8 and from Jerusalem and from Idumea and from the other side of the Jordan and from around Tyre and Sidon, a huge crowd! Hearing about all the things he was doing, they came to him. 9 He told his disciples to keep ready for him, because of the crowd,+ a small boat, so that the people+ wouldn’t crush him. 10 (He had healed so+ many people, you see, that all who were afflicted with diseases kept trying+ to press up against him in order to touch him.) 11 And as for the unclean spirits, at the mere+ sight of him they would fall down before him and begin screaming, “You are the Son of God!” 12 But he ordered them time and again,+ very+ sternly, not to disclose+ who he was.+
“He Appointed Twelve, Whom He Designated Apostles”
13 Then Jesus+ went up on the mountainside and called to himself those he chose,+ and they came to him. 14 He appointed twelve, whom he designated apostles,+ so that they could accompany+ him, and so that he could send them out to proclaim the message 15 and to have authority to drive out demons. 16 He appointed the Twelve. He gave Simon the name Peter, 17 and James, the son of Zebedee, and James’ brother John, he gave them the name Boanerges (which means “Sons of Thunder”). He also appointed+ 18 Andrew, and Philip, and Bartholomew, and Matthew, and Thomas, and James the son of Alphaeus, and Thaddaeus, and Simon the Zealot, 19 and Judas Iscariot, who later+ betrayed him.
“If Someone Speaks Blasphemy against the Holy Spirit, He Will Never Receive Forgiveness”
20 Then Jesus went home, and once again a crowd gathered, so that Jesus and his disciples+ didn’t have time even+ for a meal.+ 21 When his family heard about this, they set out to take charge of him. (A rumor was going around,+ you see, that Jesus+ had lost his mind.+)
22 The Torah-experts who had come down from Jerusalem+ were saying, “He’s possessed by Beelzebul,+”+ and, “It is+ by the power+ of the ruler in charge of+ demons that he drives out demons.” 23 So having called them over to himself, Jesus+ began speaking to them in what?+ In parables. “How can Satan drive out Satan+?” he asked.+ 24 “Indeed, if a kingdom is divided against itself,+ that kingdom cannot survive.+ 25 Or+ suppose it is+ a household that is divided against itself—that household will not be able to survive. 26 So if Satan is at war+ against himself and is divided, he cannot survive; he will surely meet his downfall.+ 27 The truth is, no one can enter the strong one’s+ house+ and gain thorough control+ of his possessions,+ unless he first does what+ to the strong one? Ties him up. Only+ then can he gain thorough control+ of his house. 28 Amen, I solemnly+ tell ᵖyou this: People+ will be forgiven for indeed+ all the different kinds+ of sins they commit+ and the blasphemous things+ they speak. 29 If+ someone speaks blasphemy against the Holy Spirit, however, he will never receive forgiveness; he is guilty, indeed,+ of an eternal+ sin.” 30 (Jesus told them this+ because they were saying, “He has an unclean spirit.+”)
“Here Are My Mother and My Brothers!”
31 Then his mother and his brothers arrived. Standing outside,+ they sent a message+ for him to come to them. 32 A crowd was sitting around him, and they said to him, “Look! It’s+ your mother and your brothers outside! They’re asking for you.”
33 “Who are my mother and my brothers?” Jesus asked them in response. 34 Then looking at those who were sitting down around him in a circle,+ he said, “Here are my mother and my brothers! 35 Whoever does the will of God, you see, this+ person is my brother and sister and mother.”
+1:1The second genitive here has been interpreted as an objective genitive (though it may be functioning here on a plenary level; see Wallace, Grammar, 119). This is reflected in the translation. Cf NIV, NLT, TEV. Cf also UBSHS (Mk), 2.+1:1Cf Ac 1:22.+1:1Lit The beginning of the gospel about Jesus the Messiah, just as it is written…. Here, the first genitive has been translated as a subjective genitive. Following the lead of L-N in connecting this phrase with what follows (see L-N, 68.1). Cf also NAC (Mk), 38; UBSHS (Mk), 2.+1:2Lit before your face. ME(I/F) (see L-N, 67.19).+1:2Ml 3:1+1:3Following the MT in translation. Cf NLT.+1:3Lit the paths, or your paths. ME(I/F) (see note at Mt 3:3).+1:3εὐθείας ( eutheias) is in P2 (see BART Display and LDGNT), and has therefore been italicized for extra focus and emphasis.+1:3Is 40:3+1:4In this context, ἐγένετο ( egeneto) is similar in meaning to παραγίνεται ( paraginetai) at Mt 3:1 (see translation and notes there; cf BSL, Mk 1:4, sv γίνομαι). Cf CJB, TEV.+1:5VPR. See VCC (Mt 3:5).+1:5Or confessing.+1:5Cf Ps 32:3.+1:6Cf 2 Ki 1:8, Lk 1:17.+1:8Or in.+1:9Lit In those days. ME (see UBSHS [Mt], 56). Cf NIV, NCV.+1:10According to Stephen Levinsohn and Randall Buth (based on personal correspondence with Dr. Levinsohn), in Mark καὶ εὐθὺς ( kai euthus) often functions as a development marker, somewhat similar to δὲ ( de) in Matthew. Though this is not necessarily always the case, in situations where it does seem to be functioning on this level, it is either translated as a development marker or is left untranslated.+1:10Lit he.+1:10Or the skies. So throughout this section.+1:10ὡς περιστερὰν ( hōs peristeran) is in an embedded focal position (see BART Display and LDGNT), and therefore italics have been used to give this element extra focus and emphasis.+1:11φωνὴ ( phōnē) is in P2 (see BART Display and LDGNT), and has therefore been placed in clause final for extra focus and stress (with the help of a dummy subject).+1:11Cf Gn 22:2, 16; Is 42:1.+1:12Lit him.+1:13ἄγγελοι ( angeloi) is in P2 (see BART Display and LDGNT), and has therefore been italicized for extra focus and emphasis.+1:13Cf Ge 21:15-19; 1 Ki 19:5-8; Ps 78:23-25, 91:11; Lk 22:43; Heb 1:14.+1:14Cf Ps 40:9-10 (see LXX); Is 40:9, 52:7, 61:1 (see LXX); Rm 1:1.+1:15Cf Dn 2:21, 9:24-27; Ga 4:4; Eph 1:10.+1:15VPR. See VCC (Mt 3:2).+1:15Cf Is 13:6-9; Dn 2:34-35, 44-45; Jl 1:15, 2:1, 2:11, 2:31, 3:14; Ob 15; Zp 1:7-9, 14-18; Ml 4:5; Mt 5:20-24; Lk 10:11-12, 21:31; Rm 13:12; 1 Pt 4:7.+1:15Cf ISV. It must be remembered here that Jesus is addressing a Jewish audience familiar with the OT and the promises of the covenants.+1:15Lit in the gospel. ME(OTB)/IT. In both the OT and NT, the “gospel” isn’t just a generic message, but relates specifically to the promises of the covenants. Cf Gn 12:1-3, 22:18, 26:4, 28:14; 2 Sm 7; 1 Ch 17; Ps 2, 40:9-10 (cf LXX), 89, 132; Is 40:9, 52:7, 61:1 (cf LXX); Ac 7:5, 13:23, 13:32, 26:6; Rm 1:1, 4:14-16; 2 Co 1:20; Ga 3:7-29 (see esp vs 8); Tit 1:2; Re 10:7. Cf πιστεύετε ἐν τῷ εὐαγγελίῳ ( pisteuete en euangeliō) here with ἐπίστευσαν ἐν τοῖς λόγοις αὐτοῦ ( episteusan en tois logois autou) at Ps 105:12 in the LXX (Ps 106:12 in the MT), and with the HCSB, NET, NIV, NLT, and TEV renderings of the MT there.+1:15Cf Is 40:27-31; Hab 2:3.+1:16Lit he.+1:16Lit and Andrew the brother of Simon.+1:17Lit Come after me. ME(H) (see note at Mt 4:19).+1:18VPR. See VCC (Mt 4:20, 22).+1:19Lit and. Koine Greek often used parataxis to link words or clauses when some sort of hypotactic relationship was implied (see BDAG, 494, sv καί 1.b.β., γ.; BDF, §471; Wallace, Grammar, 19; NET Bible Notes, Mk 10:28). Cf ESV, NASB, NRSV, RSV.+1:21IT. Cf NLT, TEV.+1:21See note at “well” in Mk 1:10.+1:21Lit he.+1:22Lit they.+1:22Cf NLT.+1:23See note at “well” in Mk 1:10.+1:23ἄνθρωπος ἐν πνεύματι ἀκαθάρτῳ ( anthrōpos en pneumati akathartō) is in a DFE position (see BART Display), and has thus been placed in clause-final for extra focus (with the help of a dummy subject).+1:24Or Leave us alone! Lit What to us and to you? ME(I/F) (see NET Bible Notes, Mt 8:28). Cf CJB, ISV, NCV, NIV.+1:24Lit Did you come, or Have you come. Cf TEV.+1:25Lit to him.+1:26Or after. Since the aorist participles are used with an aorist indicative main verb, it isn’t completely clear whether the relative time of the participles is contemporaneous or antecedent. For further discussion, see Wallace, Grammar, 624.+1:26Lit him.+1:27τοῖς πνεύμασι τοῖς ἀκαθάρτοις ( tois pneumasi tois akathartois) is in P2 (see BART Display and LDGNT), and therefore καὶ ( kai) has been rendered ascensively to give this constituent extra focus.+1:29See note at “well” in Mk 1:10.+1:29ἐκ τῆς συναγωγῆς ( ek tēs sunagōgēs) is in P2 (see BART Display and LDGNT), and therefore italics have been used to give this element extra focus and emphasis.+1:30Lit immediately. ME. Cf TEV.+1:32Ὀψίας ( opsias) is in P2 (see BART Display and LDGNT), and has therefore been placed in clause-final for primary focus and stress.+1:32This was a Sabbath (cf Mk 1:21, 29). Healing was forbidden on the Sabbath (see, eg, Mt 12:2, Jn 9:16), and therefore the people had to wait until evening to bring the sick to Jesus.+1:32Lit they. This is an indefinite plural.+1:32Lit to him.+1:32κακῶς ( kakōs) is in an embedded focal position (see BART Display and LDGNT), and has thus been italicized for extra focus and emphasis+1:34Lit he.+1:34κακῶς ( kakōs) is in an embedded focal position (see BART Display and LDGNT), and has thus been italicized for extra focus and emphasis.+1:34δαιμόνια πολλὰ ( daimonia polla) is in P2 (see BART Display and LDGNT), and therefore repetition and italics have been used to give this constituent extra focus and emphasis.+1:35πρωῒ ἔννυχα λίαν ( prōi ennucha lian) is in P2 (see BART Display and LDGNT), and therefore commas have been used to give extra focus to this constituent, which has also been placed in clause-final for primary focus and stress.+1:35Cf NCV, TEV.+1:35Lit he.+1:35The direct object is implied from the context. Cf NCV, NIV, TEV.+1:35The imperfect tense of the verb here “implies some duration to the prayer (see NET Bible Notes, Mk 1:35). Cf NET.+1:37πάντες ( pantes) is in P2 (see BART Display and LDGNT), and has thus been italicized for extra focus and emphasis.+1:38Lit he.+1:38IT. Cf CJB; UBSHS (Mk), 63.+1:38καὶ ἐκεῖ ( kai ekei) is in P2 (see BART Display and LDGNT), and therefore καὶ has been used as a spacer to give extra focus to this element.+1:38εἰς τοῦτο ( eis touto) is in P2 (see BART Display and LDGNT), and therefore an emphatic adjective has been used to give extra focus and emphasis to this constituent.+1:38IT. Cf ISV.+1:39τὰ δαιμόνια ( ta daimonia) is in P2 (see BART Display and LDGNT; note, though, that the BART Display is marked for focal ambiguity), and therefore repetition has been used to give extra focus to this constituent (“demons” is used in a context in which the verbs are functioning progressively and distributively [ie, the demons are coming out of multiple people as Jesus travels “all over Galilee”]). Mark really seems to love this aspect of Jesus’ ministry!+1:40Lit a leper. Cf Lv 13.+1:40Lit to him.+1:40Lit he.+1:40Lit cleanse. IT (see BDAG, 488, sv καθαρίζω 2). Cf NLT.+1:41Or Jesus was moved with compassion. Lit Being moved in the inward parts. ME(I/F) (see DBL Greek, #5072). An independent clause has been used in translation to allow for more natural expression of the idiom in English.+1:41Lit he.+1:42Lit left him.+1:43Lit him.+1:43Lit he.+1:44IT. Cf NCV, NLT, TEV.+1:44Lit show yourself to the priest. ME(OTB) (see Lv 14:1-32). Following the lead of the UBSHS in translation here (see UBSHS [Mt], 224). Cf CJB, NLT, TEV.+1:44Lit the things. ME(OTB)/IT (see Lv 14:1-32). Cf NIV, TEV.+1:44Cf Lv 14:1-32.+1:44Or as proof, or as a witness, or as a testimony.+1:44Or to them. The dative here has been interpreted as a dative of location. This is reflected in the translation. Cf Lv 14.+1:45Lit he.+1:45Lit the word.+1:45Lit he.+1:45φανερῶς εἰς πόλιν ( phanerōs eis polin) is in P2 (see BART Display and LDGNT), and therefore ὥστε ( ōste) has been used as a spacer to give extra focus to this element.+1:45φανερῶς ( phanerōs) is in an embedded focal position (see BART Display), and has therefore been italicized for extra focus and emphasis.+1:45ἔξω ἐπʼ ἐρήμοις τόποις ( exō ep’ erēmois topois) is in P2 (see BART Display and LDGNT), and therefore ἀλλʼ ( all’) has been used as a spacer to give extra focus to this constituent.+1:45Lit they.+2:1Lit he.+2:1Lit it was heard. ME. Cf CJB, NET, NLT, NCV, TEV.+2:1IT. Cf CJB, NIV, NLT.+2:1ἐν οἴκῳ ( en oikō) is in P2 (see BART Display and LDGNT), and therefore italics have been used to give this element extra focus and emphasis.+2:2Lit He.+2:2Or the word.+2:3Lit and. Koine Greek often uses parataxis in places where English may prefer hypotaxis (see BDAG, 494, sv καί 1.b.β.-ζ.; BDF, §471; Wallace, Grammar, 19; NET Bible Notes, Mk 10:28). Cf ISV, TEV; UBSHS (Mk), 73.+2:3Lit they. Cf ISV, NET.+2:3VPR. See VCC (Mk 2:3)+2:4Lit he.+2:7Lit Why...? The rhetorical impact intended by the question here is, in my opinion, more effectively conveyed in English with something like “how dare.” Cf CJB, TEV; UBSHS (Mk), 78; translation and notes at Lk 5:21.+2:7οὕτως ( houtōs) is in P2 (see BART Display and LDGNT), and has therefore been placed in clause-final for primary focus and stress. Cf CJB.+2:7Lit Who can forgive sins except God alone? ME. Cf NCV, NLT, TEV.+2:8See note at “well” in Mk 1:10.+2:8Lit in his spirit. ME (see UBSHS [Jn], 212).+2:8οὕτως ( houtōs) is in P2 (see BART Display and LDGNT), and thus a demonstrative wh-cleft has been used to give extra focus to this constituent.+2:8τί ( ti) is in P2 (see BART Display and LDGNT), and therefore a cleft has been used to give extra focus to this element.+2:10Or know, or realize.+2:10Or on the earth. Cf Ps 2, 8; Dn 7:13-14. If ἐπὶ τῆς γῆς ( epi tēs gēs) is to be grouped with “have authority,” then it is in a DFE position (confirmed through personal correspondence with Dr. Stephen Levinsohn). Because of the parallels in Mt and Lk, I am inclined to interpret it as such here. (This is the interpretation reflected in most English translations.) Italics have therefore been used to give this element extra focus and emphasis.+2:12See note at Mk 1:10.+2:12Lit he.+2:12ὥστε ( hōste) here is signaling result. That people are in awe and praising God in response to the healing is clear and obvious from the context, and thus ὥστε has not been translated. Cf CJB, NET, NLT, TEV.+2:12οὕτως ( houtōs) is in P2 (see BART Display and LDGNT), and therefore italics have been used to give this element extra focus and emphasis.+2:13Lit beside the lake. ME. Cf NLT, TEV.+2:13πᾶς ὁ ὄχλος ( pas ho ochlos) is in P2 (see BART Display; note, though, that the BART Display is marked for focal ambiguity), and has therefore been placed in clause-final for extra focus and stress.+2:14Lit follow me. ME(H) (see note at Mt 4:19).+2:14Lit he.+2:14Lit he.+2:14VPR. See VCC (Mt 4:20, 22).+2:15IT. Cf NCV, NLT, TEV.+2:15Lit he.+2:15Lit his.+2:15πολλοὶ τελῶναι καὶ ἁμαρτωλοὶ ( polloi telōnai kai hamartōloi) is in P2 (see BART Display and LDGNT), and therefore a forward-pointing device has been used to give extra focus to this element.+2:15Lit For they were many and were following/accompanying him. ME. Cf CJB, NLT. For a discussion of the interpretive options here, see UBSHS (Mk), 86.+2:16Lit the scribes of the Pharisees. ME(H) (see NET Bible Notes, Mk 2:16).+2:16μετὰ τῶν τελωνῶν καὶ ἁμαρτωλῶν ( meta tōn telōnōn kai hamartōlōn) is in P2 (see BART Display and LDGNT), and therefore a question and an adjective (“such”; cf NLT, TEV) have been used to give extra focus to this constituent (and to convey the surprise and contempt present contextually).+2:17See note at Mt 9:12. The same applies here.+2:17κακῶς ( kakōs) is in an embedded focal position (see BART Display), and has therefore been italicized for extra focus and emphasis.+2:17Lit came to call/invite, or have come to call/invite. See note at Mt 5:17. Cf TEV at Mk 1:24.+2:17Or to invite.+2:17δικαίους ( dikaious) and ἁμαρτωλούς ( hamartōlous) are in E-O, as part of a point-counterpoint series (see LDGNT), and thus the negative particle has been placed directly before the counterpoint in order to give extra focus to these constituents.+2:17Cf CJB.+2:18Lit they. Cf ISV, NIV, TEV.+2:18Lit to him.+2:18σοὶ ( soi) is in an embedded focal position (see BART Display), and therefore a possessive adjective has been used to give extra focus to this constituent.+2:18Lit Why do the disciples of John and the disciples of the Pharisees fast, but your own disciples don’t fast? The question has been placed at the end of the verse in order to signal the switch in topic more smoothly in English.+2:19ἐν ᾧ ὁ νυμφίος μετʼ αὐτῶν ἐστιν ( en hō ho numphios met’ autōn estin) is in P2 (see BART Display and LDGNT), and therefore the IT (in Greek, questions that begin with μὴ [ mē] expect a negative answer [see Black, Grammar, 170; Mounce, Grammar, 296]) has been used as a spacer to give extra focus to this constituent.+2:19μετʼ ( met’) is in an embedded focal position (see BART Display), and has thus been italicized for extra focus and emphasis.+2:19In Greek, questions that begin with μὴ ( mē) expect a negative answer (see Black, Grammar, 170; Mounce, Grammar, 296).+2:20Lit days. Here ἡμέραι ( hēmerai) is being used in its generic sense of “time” (see, eg, BDAG, 438, sv 4). Cf CJB, HCSB, NCV, NIV.+2:20τότε ( tote) is in P2 (see BART Display and LDGNT), and has thus been italicized for extra focus and emphasis.+2:20Lit at/on/in that day.+2:21ἐπίβλημα ῥάκους ἀγνάφου ( epiblēma ‘rakous agnaphou) is in P2 (see BART Display and LDGNT), and has therefore been placed in clause-final for extra focus and stress.+2:21Lit If not/otherwise. ME. Cf CJB, ESV, ISV, NIV, RSV.+2:21χεῖρον σχίσμα ( cheiron schisma) is in P2 (see BART Display and LDGNT), and thus an adverb has been used to give extra focus to this constituent.+2:22Lit If not/otherwise. ME. Cf CJB, ESV, ISV, NIV, RSV.+2:22The verb is implied from the first part of the verse. Cf ISV, LEB, NASB, NCV, NET, NIV, TEV.+2:23Lit he.+2:23ἐν τοῖς σάββασιν ( en tois sabbasin) is in P2 (see BART Display and LDGNT), and therefore italics have been used to give this element extra focus and emphasis.+2:23Lit to make a road. ME(I/F) (see UBSHS [Mk], 96). Cf NIV, TEV.+2:24τοῖς σάββασιν is ( tois sabbasin) is in an embedded focal position (see BART Display and LDGNT), and therefore italics have been used to give this element extra focus and emphasis.+2:26Cf Lv 16:32; 1Sa 21:1-6; 2 Sa 8:17;1 Ch 24:6.+2:26τοὺς ἄρτους τῆς προθέσεως ( tous artous tēs protheseōs) is in P2 (see BART Display and LDGNT), and therefore a rhetorical question and an emphatic adjective (“very”) have been used to give extra focus and emphasis to this constituent. Also, the verb in the preceding clause has been subordinated to ensure that primary emphasis lands on the focal element. Cf Mt 12:4 and Lk 6:3.+2:26Cf Ex 25:30; Lv 24:5-9; 1Sm 21:6.+2:26Lit which is forbidden for [one] to eat, except...+2:26Cf Lv 24:5-9.+2:26σὺν ( sun) is in an embedded focal position (see BART Display and LDGNT), and has thus been italicized for extra focus and emphasis.+2:27τὸ σάββατον ( to sabbaton) here is a topical frame (see BART Display and LDGNT).+2:27διὰ τὸν ἄνθρωπον ( dia ton anthrōpon) is in P2 (see BART Display and LDGNT), and therefore a cleft-construction has been used to give extra focus to this element.+2:27Here διά ( dia) is functioning as a marker of benefaction (see, eg, L-N, 90.38). Cf NCV, NLT, TEV.+2:27Lit man. ME. Cf CJB, NRSV, TEV.+2:28κύριος καὶ τοῦ σαββάτου ( kurios kai tou sabbatou) is in a split focal position (see BART Display and LDGNT). The preposed element has been italicized for extra focus and emphasis, with καὶ rendered ascensively to give extra focus to the split element.+3:1Lit he.+3:1Lit dried up. ME(I/F) (see L-N, 23.173). ἐξηραμμένην ( exērammenēn) is in an embedded focal position (see BART Display and LDGNT), and has therefore been placed in clause-final for extra focus and stress.+3:2Lit they. Cf CJB, NCV, TEV.+3:2Lit him.+3:2Lit him.+3:2τοῖς σάββασιν ( tois sabbasin) is in P2 (see BART Display and LDGNT), and therefore italics have been used to give this element extra focus and emphasis.+3:2The context makes it clear that they are looking for grounds on which to accuse. Cf CJB, NIV.+3:2Lit in order to accuse him.+3:3Lit in the middle. ME (see UBSHS [Mk], 104).+3:3Lit he.+3:4Lit Which is lawful? ME(H) (see note at Mt 12:10).+3:4ἀγαθὸν ( agathon) is in P2 (see BART Display and LDGNT), and has thus been italicized for extra focus and emphasis.+3:4Or to do evil?+3:4σῶσαι ( sōsai) is in a DFE position (see BART Display), and has thus been italicized for extra focus and emphasis.+3:5Lit the hardness/calloused state/insensitivity of their heart. ME(H/OTB). “People in the ancient Near East viewed the heart as the seat of emotions, the intellect, and the will” (see FSB, Ex 4:21; cf ANLEX, 215, sv καρδία 2; Ibid, 340, sv πώρωσις; FSB, Mk 3:5; Ex 4:21; for a good example of the close interrelationship between emotion, will, and understanding that is assumed in the Scriptures, see Proverbs 2). In modern Western culture, we tend to associate the heart with the emotions and perhaps even the will, but not so much with the mind, intellect, and understanding. (In fact, heart and mind are often viewed in contradistinction to one another.) Some translations try to compensate at this point by using “mind” in translation (see, eg, the NCV and TEV at Mk 6:52 and 8:17).+3:5Cf Ex 32:9-14; Dt 9:13-14.+3:5Lit he.+3:6Lit went out and began giving counsel against him. ME. Cf ISV, NCV, NET, NIV, NLT, TEV.+3:6μετὰ τῶν Ἡρῳδιανῶν ( meta tōn hērōdianōn) is in an embedded focal position (see BART Display), and therefore a demonstrative pronoun and colon have been used to give this element extra focus. συμβούλιον ( sumboulion) here has been interpreted as incorporated in the verb phrase. (Through personal correspondence, Dr. Stephen Levinsohn told me that in his personal annotations he has noted that συμβούλιον may be incorporated. His doubts spring from the fact that a different verb is used here.) Cf the BART Display at Mt 12:14.+3:6Lit the Herodians. ME(H) (see NET Bible Notes, Mt 22:16).+3:6Since a colon was used to give extra focus to the focal constituent (see note at “these” in this verse), the verbal idea has been restated in translation here.+3:6The verb here is functioning causatively/ergatively. For more on causative/ergative actives (in which the subject is the ultimate source behind the action), see Wallace, Grammar, 411.+3:7πολὺ πλῆθος ἀπὸ τῆς Γαλιλαίας ( polu plēthos tēs Galilaias) is in P2 (see BART Display and LDGNT), and therefore a passive construction has been used in order to allow this element to land in clause-final for primary focus and stress.+3:7πολὺ ( polu) is in an embedded focal position (see BART Display), and therefore an adverb has been used to give this constituent extra focus and emphasis.+3:9πλοιάριον ( ploiarion) is in P2 (see BART Display and LDGNT), and therefore διὰ τὸν ὄχλον ( dia ton ochlon) has been used as a spacer to give extra focus to this element.+3:9Lit they. Cf NIV, TEV.+3:10πολλοὺς ( pollous) is in P2 (see BART Display and LDGNT), and therefore an adverb has been used to give extra focus to this constituent.+3:10VPR. See VCC (Mk 3:10).+3:11ἐθεώρουν ( etheōroun) is in a DFE position (see BART Display and LDGNT), and therefore an adjective has been used to give extra focus to this constituent.+3:12VPR. See VCC (Mk 3:12). Cf ISV.+3:12πολλὰ ( polla) is in P2 (see BART Display and LDGNT), and has therefore been modified with an adverb and segmented with commas for extra focus and emphasis.+3:12φανερὸν ( phaneron) is in P2 (see BART Display and LDGNT), and therefore italics have been used to give extra focus and emphasis to this element within the ME (see following note).+3:12Lit him not to make known. ME (see UBSHS [Mk], 110). Cf ISV, NCV, NIV, NLT, TEV.+3:13Lit he.+3:13Or wanted. Cf Lk 6:13.+3:14ἀποστόλους ( apostolous) is in an embedded focal position (see BART Display and LDGNT), and has thus been italicized for extra focus and emphasis.+3:14Lit to be with him. ME. Cf ISV, NLT.+3:17An ellipsis is present here in the Greek text. The verb is implied from v 16.+3:19IT. Cf ISV, NCV, NLT.+3:20Lit so that they.+3:20ἄρτον ( arton) is in an embedded P2 position (see BART Display and LDGNT), and therefore an adverb has been used to give extra focus to this constituent within the ME (see following note).+3:20Lit were not able to eat bread. ME. Cf NLT, TEV.+3:21Lit they were saying. The subject here has been interpreted as an impersonal plural (for a brief discussion of the interpretive options here, see UBSHS [Mk], 116). This is reflected in the translation.+3:21Lit he.+3:21Or For they were saying, “He’s lost his mind.” Cf Jn 6:41-70.+3:22ἀπὸ Ἱεροσολύμων ( apo Yerosolumōn) is in an embedded focal position (see BART Display), and therefore italics have been used to give this element extra focus and emphasis.+3:22Βεελζεβοὺλ ( Beelzeboul) is in P2 (see BART Display and LDGNT), and has thus been italicized for extra focus and emphasis.+3:22Lit He has Beelzebul. Cf NET, NIV, NLT.+3:22ἐν τῷ ἄρχοντι τῶν δαιμονίων ( en tō archonti tōn daimoniōn) is in P2 (see BART Display and LDGNT), and therefore a cleft-construction has been used to give extra focus to this constituent.+3:22IT. Cf NCV, NLT, TEV.+3:22This is a genitive of subordination.+3:23Lit he.+3:23ἐν παραβολαῖς ( en parabolais) is in P2 (see BART Display and LDGNT), and therefore a rhetorical question has been used to give extra focus to this element.+3:23σατανᾶν ( satanan) is in P2 (see BART Display and LDGNT), and has thus been italicized for extra focus and emphasis.+3:23“He asked” is used as a transition here, since a rhetorical question was used to give extra focus to the focal constituent in the preceding line (see note at “what?” earlier in this verse). Cf NCV, NLT.+3:24ἐφʼ ἑαυτὴν ( eph’ heautēn) is in an embedded focal position (see BART Display and LDGNT), and therefore italics have been used to give this element extra focus and emphasis.+3:24In this context, ἵστημι ( histēmi) means to “continue to exist” (see DBL Greek, #2705.11; L-N, 13.90) or to “survive” (see UBSHS [Mt], 373). Cf CJB, NCV.+3:25The focal prominence given to “house” (see BART Display) is underscoring a contrast between different things that can be divided.+3:25οἰκία ( oikia) is in an embedded focal position (see BART Display; note, though, that the BART Display is marked for focal ambiguity), and thus a cleft-construction has been used to give extra focus to this constituent.+3:26Or rebels, or rises up. For this gloss for ἀνίστημι ( anistēmi), see UBSHS (Mk), 120.+3:26Lit he is going to have his end, or he has his end, or he will certainly have his end. The meaning here is not the end of Satan’s existence, but the end of his power and kingdom (see UBSHS [Mk], 121). The present indicative here is most likely conveying the certainty of Satan’s demise if the protasis were true. τέλος ( telos) is in P2 (see BART Display and LDGNT), and has thus been italicized for extra focus and emphasis.+3:27Or the strong man’s.+3:27εἰς τὴν οἰκίαν τοῦ ἰσχυροῦ ( eis tēn oikian tou ischurou) is in P2 (see BART Display and LDGNT), and therefore italics have been used to give this element extra focus and emphasis.+3:27See note at Mt 12:29. The same applies here.+3:27τὰ σκεύη αὐτοῦ ( ta skeuē autou) is in P2 (see BART Display and LDGNT), and therefore italics have been used to give this element extra focus and emphasis.+3:27δήσῃ ( dēsē) is in a DFE position (see BART Display and LDGNT), and thus a rhetorical question has been used to give extra focus to this constituent.+3:27τότε ( tote) is in P2 (see BART Display and LDGNT), and therefore an adverb has been used to give extra focus to this constituent.+3:27See note at Mt 12:29. The same applies here.+3:28IT (see note at Mt 5:18).+3:28Lit the sons of men. ME(I/F) (see UBSHS [Mk], 122). Cf CJB, HCSB, ISV, NET, TEV.+3:28πάντα τὰ ἁμαρτήματα καὶ αἱ βλασφημίαι ὅσα ἐὰν βλασφημήσωσιν ( panta ta hamartēmata kai hai blasphēmiai hosa ean blasphēmēsōsin) is in a split focal position (see BART Display and LDGNT), and therefore the clause has been structured so as to allow this information to land in clause-final for primary focus and stress. An emphatic adverb has also been used to give extra focus and emphasis to the preposed element.+3:28The context (juxtaposition with a category/class/kind of sin known as “blasphemy of the Spirit”; plural usage of βλασφημία [ blasphēmia]) indicates that πάντα ( panta) here is signaling different categories and classes of sin and blasphemy. Cf BDAG, 784, sv πᾶς 5; L-N, 58.28.+3:28“Commit” is implied here.+3:28Lit blasphemies.+3:29A condition is implied in the relative clause here. For more on implicit conditions, see Wallace, Grammar, 687-9.+3:29ἔνοχός αἰωνίου ἁμαρτήματος ( enochos aiōniou hamartēmatos) is in a split focal position (see BART Display and LDGNT), and therefore an emphatic adverb/spacer has been used to give extra focus to this element.+3:29αἰωνίου ( aiōniou) is in an embedded focal position (see BART Display), and has thus been italicized for extra focus and emphasis.+3:30IT. Cf NCV, NIV, NLT, TEV.+3:30πνεῦμα ἀκάθαρτον ( pneuma akatharton) is in P2 (see BART Display and LDGNT), and has thus been italicized for extra focus and emphasis.+3:31ἔξω ( exō) is in P2 (see BART Display and LDGNT), and has therefore been italicized for extra focus and emphasis.+3:31IT. Cf CJB, NCV, NLT, TEV.+3:32ἡ μήτηρ σου καὶ οἱ ἀδελφοὶ σου ( hē mētēr sou kai hoi adelphoi sou) is in P2 (see BART Display and LDGNT), and therefore the clause has been structured so as to give extra focus to this element.+3:34περὶ αὐτὸν κύκλῳ ( peri auton kuklō) is in an embedded focal position (see BART Display), and therefore italics have been used to give this element extra focus and emphasis.+3:35οὗτος ( houtos) is in P2 (see BART Display and LDGNT), and therefore italics have been used to give this element extra focus and emphasis.
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