BHT with Abridged Translator’s Notes2 Timothy 4 =
4
“I Solemnly Charge You”
1 I solemnly charge you in the presence of God and Messiah Jesus, who is going to judge the living and the dead, and in view of his appearing and his Kingdom: 2 Proclaim the message,+ keep at it+ no matter how favorable or unfavorable the season, reprove, warn, and exhort, teaching with the utmost patience. 3 The time is coming, you see, when people will refuse to put up with teaching that is sound, and will instead gather to themselves a great many teachers+ to suit their own desires, eager to hear nothing except what they want to hear;+ 4 they will turn their ears, on the one hand, away from the truth, and will stray, on the other, into myths. 5 You, however, must be self-controlled+ in all situations.+ Endure hardship. Do the work of an evangelist. Your ministry carry out.
6 I, you see, am already being poured out like a drink offering, and now upon me+ is the time appointed for me to depart this life. 7 I have run the good race,+ I have finished the course, I have kept the faith. 8 For the future+ there is stored away safely for me the victor’s crown of righteousness,+ which the Lord, the just Judge, will award to me in that Day, and not only to me, but indeed to all who have set their hearts on his appearing.
9 Do everything you can to visit me soon. 10 Demas, you see, has deserted me, having set his heart on this present age, and has gone to Thessalonica. Crescens has gone to Galatia, Titus to Dalmatia. 11 Luke is the only one still with me. Get Mark and bring him along with you, for he is of valuable use to me in the work.+ 12 Tychicus I have sent to Ephesus. 13 When you come, please be sure to bring these: The cloak that I left in Troas with Carpus, and the scrolls, especially the parchments.
14 Alexander the metalworker did me a very great deal of harm. The Lord will repay him according to his deeds. 15 You, too, must watch out for him yourself, for he opposed our message+ vehemently. 16 At my first defense not a single person came to my help; they all deserted me. May it not be held against them. 17 The Lord, however, himself came to my aid and gave me strength,+ so that through me the message might be fully proclaimed, and all the Gentiles hear it. And I was rescued from the lion’s mouth. 18 The Lord will rescue me from every evil deed and bring me with salvation+ into his Kingdom from heaven.+ To him be the glory forever into the ages of the ages. Amen.
19 Give my greetings to Priscilla and Aquila and the household of Onesiphorus. 20 Erastus remained in Corinth, and Trophimus I left in Miletus, because he was sick. 21 Do everything you can to come before winter. Eubulus sends you greetings, as do Pudens, Linus, Claudia, and the other brothers and sisters, all of them. 22 The Lord be with ˢyour spirit. Grace be with all+ of ᵖyou.
+1:1Or according to.+1:3Unless otherwise noted (through superscript [ᵖyou] or some other means), all second person pronouns are in the second person singular.+1:5Lit having taken remembrance. ME (see BDAG, 1039, sv ὑπόμνησις 2; UBSHS [2 Ti], 171).+1:7Or a spirit.+1:7Or and self-control.+1:8Lit the prisoner of him. ME (see UBSHS [Eph], 67, 93; UBSHS [2 Ti], 175). Maintaining consistency in translation with Eph 3:1 and Eph 4:1 (see translation and notes in those places).+1:9Cf Rm 8:31-35.+1:9Cf 1 Co 2:6-8.+1:12Or that which I have entrusted to his care.+1:13According the BSL, ἀκούω ( akouō) in this context means “learn” (see BSL, 2 Ti 1:13, sv).+1:13Or standard, or model.+1:13Or words, or sayings.+1:13Cf 1 Ti 1:14.+1:14Or good, or wonderful.+1:15Drawing from the UBSHS in translation here (see UBSHS [2 Ti], 186).+1:18Or you know very well. IT (see NAB and Lenski et al in ESS [2 Ti], 40).+2:1Or in. Cf NLT, TEV.+2:1Lit the grace/gift that is in union with Messiah Jesus. Cf Heb 4:16; 13:9.+2:2Lit heard from me, or learned from me. ME. Cf NLT; translation and note at v 1:13 above; the final clause in this verse.+2:2Or faithful.+2:2Cf 2 Co 2:16; 1 Ti 3.+2:2In this context, Paul is referring to an authoritative body of teachings that he teaches and passes on to all the churches (see translation and notes at 1 Co 11:1 and 2 Th 2:15; cf also1 Co 4:17). Cf NLT.+2:8Or remember. Cf CEV, HCSB.+2:8Lit according to. ME. Cf ESV, RSV, TEV.+2:10Lit the elect, or the chosen ones. ME. Cf NCV, NET, NLT.+2:10This is a more literal rendering of αἰώνιος ( aiōnios). See UBSHS (Jn), 88. Here “glory” is referring to the glory of the age to come (see BDAG, 257, sv δόξα 1.c.β.). Cf, eg, Mk 10:37, Rm 8:17.+2:12Cf Mt 10:32-33.+2:13Cf Rm 3:3.+2:13Cf Nu 23:19; Tit 1:2.+2:14Or not to quarrel about the meaning of words.+2:15Lit yourself. σεαυτὸν ( seauton) is a topical frame/POD (see BART Display and LDGNT).+2:15Lit making (or guiding along) a straight path, or cutting a straight line. ME(I/F) (see ANLEX, 285, sv ὀρθοτομέω; L-N, 33.234; UBSHS [2 Ti], 206).+2:15Or word. Cf Eph 1:14.+2:16Or worthless, or profane.+2:17Or their message, or their talk. Lit their word.+2:17Lit have pasture/spreading. ME (see ANLEX, 272, sv νομή; L-N, 84.1; UBSHS [2 Ti], 208).+2:17Or like gangrene.+2:17Lit of whom are Hymenaeus and Philetus. ME (see UBSHS [2 Ti], 208).+2:19Lit is standing. ME (see BDAG, 43, sv ἵστημι 4; TEV). Cf Eph 2:20.+2:19Lit having this seal. ME(H)/IT (see BDAG, 980, sv σφραγίς 4; FSB, 2 Ti 2:19; Lange, Commentary [1 and 2 Ti], 99; L-N, 33.47; NAC [1 and 2 Ti], 218; UBSHS [2 Ti], 211). Cf NCV.+2:19Nu 16:5 (LXX)+2:20Or large, or wealthy. Drawing from the UBSHS in translation here (see UBSHS [2 Ti], 212). Cf NET, NLT.+2:21Lit of these things. τούτων ( toutōn) here is interpreted as referring to the things mentioned in vv 14-17. This is reflected in the translation. Cf NET, NRSV, TEV.+2:21Lit sanctified. ME/IT (see Timothy Miller, “Paul’s Priestly Mission and Salvation from the Coming Wrath: A Missiological Probe of Romans 15:16 and the Question of Divine Anger through the Worldview of Leviticus” [PhD diss., Columbia International University, 2024]).+2:22Lit the passions/evil desires of youth. ME (see UBSHS [2 Ti], 216). Cf CEV.+2:24Lit a slave of the Lord.+2:25Or gently.+2:25Lit grant them repentance. ME (see BDAG, 640, sv μετάνοια; UBSHS [Ac], 129; UBSHS [2 Ti], 218). Cf TEV.+3:2Or slanderers.+3:3Lit not lovers of good. ME. Cf NJB.+3:5Or having an appearance of devotion/godliness, or having an outward form of religion, or having all the externals of religion/the faith. μόρφωσις ( morphōsis) is referring either to the full and essential contents/features of our religion (ie, “the faith”; see translation and notes at 1 Ti 3:9, 16; ANLEX, 266, sv μόρφωσις 2; DBL Greek, #3673, 1; UBSHS [2 Ti], 224; Rm 2:20), or to an outward appearance of devotion/godliness (see ANLEX, 266, sv μόρφωσις 1; DBL Greek, #3673, 2). The specific example that Paul gives in v 18 (Hymenaeus and Philetus, who have twisted one of the essential features of the faith that they had received, namely, the doctrine of bodily resurrection) is what causes me to lean in favor of the first interpretation, which is reflected in the translation.+3:6Lit from these, or belonging to these. Cf KJV, NKJV.+3:6Or silly women, or idle women, or frivilous women. Lit little women. ME (see BDAG, γυναικάριον, 208; L-N, 9.35).+3:6Or who are overwhelmed by sins.+3:8IT/ME(H) (see ESS [2 Ti], 94; UBSHS [2 Ti], 226). Cf Ex 7:11, 22; 9:11.+3:9Lit Yet they will not progress to more. ME (see UBSHS [2 Ti], 227). Cf REB.+3:9IT. Cf CJB, NLT, TEV.+3:10Or purpose, or determination.+3:14Lit knowing from whom you learned. ME (see ESS [2 Ti], 105; FSB, 2 Ti 3:14; L-N, 29.6; NAC [2 Ti], 233; UBSHS [2 Ti], 233).+3:15Lit make you wise unto/for/toward salvation. ME (see L-N, 32.36). Cf CJB, NASB, NCV, TEV.+3:16Or Every God-breathed scripture is also...+3:16Or useful.+3:17Lit man. ME(OTB) (see ESS [2 Ti], 109, interpretation 2). Cf CEV and TEV.+4:2Or word.+4:2Or be ready, or be urgent.+4:3Lit accumulate to themselves teachers. ME. (see BDAG, 383, ἐπισωρεύω; UBSHS [2 Ti], 242). Cf NIV.+4:3Lit itching with respect to hearing. ME(I/F) (see ANLEX, 232, κνήθω; L-N, 25.11; UBSHS [2 Ti], 242). Cf NCV, NIV, NLT, TEV.+4:5Or sober-minded.+4:5Or in all respects, or at all times.+4:6Lit [the appointed time...] has come.+4:7Or I have fought the good fight.+4:8Or Finally.+4:8Cf Jm 1:12 and Re 2:12 (“the victor’s crown of life”) and 1 Co 9:25 (an “imperishable/immortal” victor’s crown). Cf also Rm 8:18-25; Php 3:10-14.+4:11Lit for he is of good service/use to me for service/ministry. ME. Cf CJB, HCSB, NAB, NET, TEV.+4:15Or our words, or our teaching.+4:17Cf Mt 10:18-22, 24:14; Lk 12:12.+4:18Lit save/deliver me into. Cf Rm 8:23-24.+4:18Or heavenly Kingdom. ἐπουράνιος ( epouranios) signals “originating from, relating to, or inhabiting heaven” ( BSL, 2 Ti 4:18, sv). Here Paul is talking about entering the Messianic Kingdom at the Second Coming (cf v 8: “which the Lord will award to me on that Day”), not the disembodying of the soul at death (Platonism). Origin and quality, therefore, are in view here. Cf Dn 2:31-45.+4:22“All of” is drawn from the plural “you” here. Cf ISV, NLT, TEV.
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