BHT with Abridged Translator’s NotesJohn 20 =
20
“I Have Seen the Lord!”
1 On the first day of the week, Mary Magdalene went early in the morning to the tomb, while it was still dark, and saw that the stone had been moved away from the entrance.+ 2 So she ran and found+ Simon Peter and the other disciple, whom Jesus particularly loved, and said to them, “They’ve taken the Lord’s body+ from the tomb and we don’t know where they’ve put it!” 3 At that, Peter set off with the other disciple, and they made their way toward the tomb. 4 The two of them were running side by side, but the other disciple ran faster than Peter and reached the tomb first. 5 When this other disciple+ bent down to have a look inside, he saw the linen wrappings lying there, but he didn’t go in. 6 So Simon Peter, who had been following him, also arrived, and went into the tomb. He saw the linen wrappings lying there, 7 as well as the face-cloth, which had been around Jesus’+ head, lying not with the linen wrappings, but by itself, folded up+ in a separate place. 8 So then, the other disciple, who had gotten to the tomb first, also went in; he saw and believed. 9 (They still didn’t understand the Scripture, you see; namely, that it was God’s plan for the Messiah+ to rise from the dead.+)
10 The two disciples, therefore, went back to where they were staying.+ 11 Mary, meanwhile, was standing outside the tomb weeping. As she wept, then, she bent down and looked into the tomb, 12 and she saw two angels dressed in white sitting down where Jesus’ body had been lying, one at the head and the other at the feet. 13 “Dear woman, why are you weeping?” the angels+ asked her.
“Because they’ve taken away my Lord,” she replied, “and I don’t know where they have put him.”14 These things having said, she turned around and saw a man standing there; it was Jesus, but she didn’t realize it.+
15 “Dear woman,” Jesus said to her, “why are you weeping? Whom are you looking for?”
Mary,+ thinking that he was the gardener, said to him, “Sir, if you have carried him away, please tell me where you’ve put him, and I will go and get him.”
16 “Mary,” Jesus said.
Turning to him, she said to him in Aramaic,+ “Rabbouni!” (which means “Teacher”).
17 “ˢYou mustn’t cling to me,” said Jesus, “for I have not yet ascended to the Father. But go to my brothers and tell them, ‘I am going to ascend to my Father and ᵖyour Father, to my God and your God.’ ”
18 Mary Magdalene went and announced to the disciples, “I have seen the Lord!” And she told them what Jesus had said to her.+
“Jesus Suddenly Appeared in Their Midst”
19 Now then, when it was evening on that same day, the first day of the week, with the doors of the place where the disciples had gathered having been locked, because they were afraid of the Jewish authorities,+ Jesus suddenly appeared+ in their midst. “Shalom to all of ᵖyou!” he said. 20 This having said, he showed them his hands and his side. The disciples, then, were overcome with joy when they saw the Lord.+ 21 “Shalom to all of ᵖyou,” Jesus said to them again. “Just as the Father has sent me, so I am sending ᵖyou.” 22 And this having said, he breathed on them and said, “Receive the Holy Spirit.+ 23 Anyone whose sins ᵖyou pronounce forgiven,+ their sins+ will have been forgiven them;+ anyone whose sins ᵖyou pronounce unforgiven will not have been forgiven.”+
24 Now Thomas, one of the Twelve, also called Didymus, was not with them when Jesus came. 25 So the other disciples kept telling him, “We’ve seen the Lord!”
Thomas+ replied, “Unless I see in his hands the marks from the nails, and put my finger where the nails were, and put my hand on the wound in his side, I will not believe.”
26 Eight days later his disciples were together inside again, and this time Thomas was with them. Even though the doors were locked, Jesus suddenly appeared in their midst. “Shalom to all of ᵖyou!” he said. 27 Then he said to Thomas, “Put your finger here, and look at my hands, and reach out your hand and put it on my side. Stop doubting, and believe.”
28 “My Lord and my God!” replied Thomas.
29 Jesus said to him, “Is it because ˢyou have seen me that you believe? Blessed are those who believe without seeing me.+”
“These Things Have Themselves Been Included So That You May Trust and Believe That Jesus Is the Messiah”
30 Now then, although Jesus performed before the eyes of his disciples+ many other miraculous signs, which are not recorded in this book, 31 these things have themselves been included+ so that ᵖyou may trust and believe that Jesus is the Messiah, the Son of God, and that by doing so ᵖyou may share+ in life by the power of his name.
+1:4Lit in him was life. ME (see translation and notes at Jn 5:26). Cf NLT, TEV. “Life” here doesn’t mean “alive,” but possessing the power to give life as the source of life. Trying to maintain some measure of consistency in translation here with Jn 5:26, so that the connection isn’t lost to English readers.+1:4Cf Ps 36:9.+1:5Cf Is 42:5-9; 49:1-6.+1:5Or did not overcome.+1:5Or comprehend. Cf 1 Co 2:8.+1:7Lit through him, or through it. ME. Cf NLT.+1:8Lit that man. Cf NET, NLT, TEV.+1:9Lit He was.+1:9Or The true light, which gives light to every human being, was coming into the world, or He was the true light that gives light to every human being coming into the world. Following the lead of the ISV in translation here. Cf Jn 6:14, 9:39, 11:27, 16:28.+1:11Or to his very own creation. Lit to his own things. ME (see NAC [Jn], 114; UBSHS [Jn], 18). Cf CJB, ISV, NCV, TEV.+1:13Lit who. Cf NET, NIV.+1:13For a discussion of the range of meaning possible with γεννάω ( gennaō), see notes at 1 Pt 1:3. Conception is primarily in view here, with the rest of the birth process also implied on some level. Cf also the translation and notes at Ga 4:21-30.+1:13Lit not of bloods. ME(I/F/H) (see NET Bible Notes, Jn 1:13).+1:13Lit nor from the will/desire of the flesh. ME (see UBSHS [Jn], 19). Translating “flesh” according to “Flesh” G (see FBT Chart). Cf NET.+1:13Or a husband’s decision.+1:14Lit The Word became flesh. ME (see translation and notes at Rm 8:3 and Php 2:6-8; FBT Chart, C, F, G, I, M, N). Translating “flesh” according to “Flesh” G, M (see FBT Chart).+1:14Cf, eg, Ex 40:34; Lv 16:2; Nu 9:15.+1:14Or unique, or only, or one-of-a-kind. For a brief discussion of the meaning of μονογενής ( monogenēs), see NET Bibles Notes, Jn 1:16. Cf ISV, NET. In Heb 11:17, the term is used of Isaac, who wasn’t Abraham’s only son, but his “unique” son in the sense that the covenant was to be confirmed with him and the promises to be fulfilled through his line (cf Gn 17:19, 21:12).+1:14Cf Jn 17:5.+1:14Lit full of grace and truth. ME (OTB) (see LALS, sv ἀλήθεια; Ibid, sv χάρις; NAC [Jn], 121; UBSHS [Jn], 22). Cf the LXX and the MT, eg, at Ge 24:27, 47:29; 2 Sa 2:6, 15:20; 2 Ch 32:1; Ne 9:33; Ps 26:3, 30:9, 35:6, 40:10, 54:5, 69:13, 88:11, 89:5, 92:2, 119:138.+1:15Lit and cried out, saying.+1:16Lit from his fullness. ME (see translation and notes at Eph 3:19; Col 2:9; BDAG, 829, sv 3.b.; NAC [Jn], 123; Robertson, Word Pictures, Jn 1:16; Vincent, Word Studies, 2:57). The UBSHS claims that here πλήρωμα ( plērōma) “is used in a nontechnical sense and refers back to the phrase grace and truth in verse 14” ( UBSHS [Jn], 25, italics original). I disagree. The reference in v 15 to the Son’s pre-existence in the preceding verse makes the “fullness of divine nature” interpretation just as plausible as a limited reference to “grace and truth” in v 14. True, this is only place where the term is used in John’s gospel. Still, this idea was clearly a part of the authoritative body of apostolic teaching that was passed on from church to church, and wasn’t just a part of Paul’s theology (cf 1 Co 11:2, 15:1-3; Ga 1:18, 2:6; Php 2:6-11; 2 Th 2:15; 1 Ti 3:16). “Steadfast love/grace” and “truth/faithfulness” are, of course, an important part of God’s nature, but “fullness” by definition isn’t limited to those aspects.+1:16Or blessing. Lit grace. ME (see L-N, 57.103, 88.66; translation and note at “faithfulness” in v 14 above). Cf NCV, NIV, NLT, TEV.+1:17Lit grace and truth. ME (see translation and note at v 14).+1:17Lit have become, or have been done. Cf UBSHS (Jn), 26. “Shown” is the verb typically used in English translations with these concepts in the OT (see, eg, most English translations at Ex 20:6 and Dt 5:10).+1:18Or The matchless/unique/only God. Following the NET in translation here. For a brief discussion of some of the textual and translational questions involved here, see NET Bible Notes, Jn 1:18.+1:18Lit who is at the bosom of the Father. ME(I/F) (see BDAG, 557, sv κόλπος 1; L-N, 34.18; NAC [Jn], 124). Cf NET.+1:19Lit the Jews. ME(H) (see BDAG, 478, sv Ἰουδαῖος, 2.e.β.; NAC [Jn], 126; NET Bible Notes, Jn 1:19; UBSHS [Jn], 29; translation and notes at Ac 9:22). Cf NCV, NET, NLT, TEV.+1:19Lit to ask, “Who are you?” Cf NIV.+1:20Lit and he openly acknowledged, and did not deny but openly acknowledged. ME (see UBSHS [Jn], 30). Cf CJB, NCV, NLT, TEV.+1:21Lit “What then?” ME. Cf CJB, NCV, NIV, NLT, TEV.+1:21Cf Ml 4:5.+1:21Lit he.+1:21Cf Dt 18:15-18.+1:23Lit he.+1:23Is 40:3+1:24Lit were part of the Pharisees, or were from the Pharisees. ME(H)/IT (see ANLEX, 397, sv Φαρισαῖος; L-N, 11.49; NET Bible Notes, Jn 1:24).+1:26Or in. So throughout Jn 1.+1:29Lit he.+1:29Or who is going to take away. Scholars are divided as to whether this statement is reflective of John the Baptist’s theology, or that of John himself. If the former is the situation, the cleansing is probably meant to be understood apocalyptically (for further discussion, see UBSHS [Jn], 36). John the Baptist’s messages in the other gospels are clearly apocalyptic in orientation (see Mt 3; Lk 3), and, since the Apostle John himself ascribes these words to John the Baptist, there is no reason to doubt that this is reflective of the John the Baptist’s own position. This interpretation is reflected in the translation.+1:29Cf Mt 3:9; Lk 3:8-9; Re 17:14.+1:31Cf CJB, TEV.+1:32Or from the sky.+1:37Lit heard him speaking. ME. Cf ESV, HCSB, ISV, NET, NIV, NRSV, RSV, TEV.+1:38Cf NCV, TEV.+1:39Lit The hour was about the tenth. ME(H). Cf ISV, NCV, NET, NLT.+1:40Lit heard from John. ME. Cf NET, NIV, NLT.+1:40Lit and followed him.+1:42Lit him.+1:42Κηφᾶς ( kēphas) (“Cephas” in many translations) is the Aramaic surname for Simon (see L-N, 93.211). Cf CJB.+1:42Lit which is translated Peter. ME/IT (see ESL, #4074; L-N, 93.296). Cf CJB, TEV.+1:43Lit he.+1:43IT (see L-N, 93.444).+1:43Lit follow me. ME(H) (see translation and notes at Mt 4:19).+1:45Cf Gn 3:15, 9:27, 12:1-3, 49:8-12; Ex 12:1-28; Lv 23:4-44; Nu 24:15-19; Dt 15:15-18, 16:1-8; Jn 19:36; 1 Co 5:7.+1:45Cf Is 4:2, 7:14, 9:1-7, 11:1-6, 24:21-25, 28:16, 30:19-26, 42:1-7, 49:1-6, 50:4-9, 52:13-53:12, 55:3-5, 61:1-3, 63:1-6; Jr 23:5-6, 30:9, 30:21, 33:14-16; Ezk 17:22-24, 21:25-27, 34:23-31, 37:15-28; Dn 7:13-14, 9:24-27; Ho 3:4-5; Jl 2:23; Am 9:11-15; Mic 2:12-13, 5:1-4; Hg 2:6-9, 2:21-23; Ac 3:8-10, 6:9-15, 9:9-10, 10:4, 11:4-14, 12:10, 13:7; Ml 3:1, 4:2.+1:47Lit in whom. ME. Cf CJB, NCV, NLT, and TEV at Jn 2:25; NIV and TEV at Jn 5:42.+1:47An allusion to Ps 32:2.+1:48Lit to him.+1:49Cf, eg, 2 Sa 7; 1 Ch 17; Ps 2, 89, 132.+1:51Or the sky.+1:51An allusion to Gn 28:12.+1:51Cf Gn 28:12; Dn 7:13-14.+2:1Or two days later.+2:4Lit What to me and to you? ME(I/F) (see translation and notes at Mt 8:29; NET Bible Notes, Jn 2:4; UBSHS [Jn], 57). Cf HCSB, LEB, NIV.+2:4Lit hour.+2:6Lit according to the ritual purification/cleansing of the Jews. ME. Cf CJB, NCV, NLT.+2:6Lit each holding two or three measures. ME(H) (see L-N, 81.22). Cf most English translations.+2:7Lit told them.+2:8Or to the head servant/steward.+2:9Lit the man in charge of the banquet.+2:10Lit every man. ME (see UBSHS [Jn], 61).+2:10Lit they. Cf NET, NIV.+2:11Or disclosed. Cf HCSB.+2:13Cf Ex 12:14; Dt 16:16.+2:14Lit found in the temple courts. ME (see UBSHS [Lk], 298). Cf NLT.+2:14Or pigeons.+2:16Or the pigeons. Cf Lv 5:7-11. Jesus’ anger toward this particular group may be related to them taking advantage of the poor.+2:17Ps 69:9+2:18Lit the Jews. ME(H) (see note at Jn 1:19).+2:18Lit What sign can you show us that/since these things you do? ME (see UBSHS [Jn], 68). Cf JB.+2:21Lit That one. Cf NCV, NET, NLT.+2:21Lit That one was speaking about the sanctuary of his body.+2:22Cf Lv 23:9-14; 1 Co 15:4.+2:22Lit and in the word that Jesus had said. ME. Cf CJB, NLT, TEV.+2:23Lit that one.+2:24Lit because he was knowing all [of them]. ME (see Vincent, Word Studies, 2:88; UBSHS [Jn], 73; translation and notes at Jn 1:48). Note that, as in the case of the imperfect indicative in v 25, imperfective aspect is also encoded in the infinitive here. Vincent’s interpretation in v 25 would also have relevance here, therefore, since v 25 is giving strength and support to these statements (note the presence of γὰρ [ gar] in the final clause there). Cf CJB, NCV, NLT at v 25.+2:25Lit and he had no need that anyone should bear witness about the man. ME (see UBSHS [Jn], 73). Cf ISV, CJB, NCV, NLT.+2:25Lit For he himself knew what was in the man. ME (see Vincent, Word Studies, 2:88; UBSHS [Jn], 73). Cf CJB, NAB, NCV, NEB, NLT.+3:1Lit a ruler of the Jews. ME(H) (see NET Bible Notes, Jn 3:1). Cf NET, NIV.+3:2Lit to him.+3:3Drawing from L-N in translation here (see L-N, 41.53). In the NT, γεννάω ( gennaō) can variously refer to conception (see, eg, Mt 1:20; Jn 8:41; Ga 4:23), the time in the womb (see, eg, Lk 23:29), actual birth (see, eg, Mt 2:4; Lk 1:57), or the entire process viewed as whole (see, eg, Lk 1:13), depending on the context. Also, when the father’s role is in view, the focus is on the act of procreation (see, eg, BSL, Jn 3:5, sv—“to be or become conceived due to male agency”), ie, “to beget” (see, eg, the ASV, KJV, NKJV, and YLT at Mt 1:1-16). In John 3, the entire process is in view. “Conception” happens when one receives the deposit/down payment/firstfruits of the Spirit (cf Rm 8:23; 2 Co 1:22; Eph 1:14); “gestation” (ie, sanctification) happens between that time and the Second Coming; and “birth” happens at the Second Coming when Jesus’ people are raised from the dead (cf Rm 8:18-23). Unfortunately, there is no precise English equivalent that adequately captures the richness of the concept here.+3:3The adverb used here (ἄνωθεν [ anōthen]) can mean either “from above” or “again” (see BDAG, 92, sv 1, 4; NET Bible Note, Jn 3:3). Nicodemus interprets the statement as meaning “again,” while Jesus Himself probably has both meanings in view here (cf v 5). There are no ideal translation solutions here, since Nicodemus’ response is based on his failure to understand how Jesus is using the word (for further discussion, see UBSHS [Jn], 78). Still, to keep the idea from becoming completely lost in translation, it has been included in v 7 as an appositional phrase.+3:3In this context, εἶδον ( eidon) means to “experience” (see BDAG, 279, sv 4)—in the sense of witnessing and taking part in future events (cf, eg, Lk 17:22, 20:35, 22:16-18; 1 Co 6:10, 15:50; Rm 8:22-25; Ga 5:21; Php 3:10-11; 2 Ti 4:18; Re 2:26-29; cf especially “enter” in v 5 below), not in the sense of spiritually “seeing” the Messianic Kingdom abstractly redefined (an example of Christo-Platonism; for many resources on Christo-Platonism, see www.danieltrainingnetwork.org). Cf the rendering here with HCSB and NIV renderings of τυγχάνω ( tunchanō) at Lk 20:35 (where it means to “experience” an event; see BDAG, 1019, sv τυγχάνω 1). Cf also UBSHS (Jn), 77.+3:4Lit How can a man be given birth to, being old? ME. Cf CJB, TEV.+3:5Or by/from water and spirit. Cf Is 44:1-5; Ezk 36:24-27, 37:9-10; Jn 1:13; 2 Co 5:17; Ga 4.+3:6Lit by the flesh. Translating “flesh” according to “Flesh” G (see FBT Chart). Cf translation and notes at Jn 1:13.+3:6Lit is flesh. Translating “flesh” according to “Flesh” G (see FBT Chart). Cf 1 Co 15:50.+3:6Cf 1 Co 15:35-49. As passages like Lk 24:36-43 (“a ghost [lit πνεῦμα ( pneuma)—“spirit”] does not have flesh and bones, as you see I have” [v 39, NIV]) make clear, “spirit” here doesn’t mean complete immateriality (Christo-Platonism) or total discontinuity with the non-resurrected body. There is continuity with the former body, and yet the new body has properties in its glorified state that allow the person to function in some ways like the angels. Cf Is 44:1-5; Mt 22:29-32; Lk 20:34-37, 24:36-43; Jn 3:8, 20:26-27; Ac 23:6; Rm 8:11; Heb 1:7.+3:7See note at “again” in v 3 above.+3:8The Greek word used here (πνεῦμα [ pneuma]) can mean wind, breath, spirit, or Spirit.+3:8Lit where it decides/wants. ME (see UBSHS [Jn], 81). Cf Ezk 37:9.+3:8Lit the sound of it. ME. Cf TEV.+3:8In Jesus’ resurrected body, which was spirit-like (see Lk 24:37) or angel-like (see Lk 20:36), though not immaterial and completely discontinuous from his earlier body (see Lk 24:39 and Jn 20:27), Jesus was able to suddenly appear and disappear in a way similar to the angels (cf Mt 28:9-10; Mk 16:12; Lk 24:30, 36-43; Jn 20:19-29; Ac 9:3-5), whom God makes “winds” (Heb 1:7).+3:9Lit How can these things happen? ME. Cf NLT.+3:11Or know.+3:12Lit If I have said to you the things pertaining to the earth and you don’t believe. ME (see ANLEX, 163, sv ἐπίγειος 2; UBSHS [Jn], 83).+3:12Lit How will you believe if I say to you the heavenly things/matters/occurrences? ME (see ANLEX, 163, sv ἐπίγειος 1, 2; UBSHS [Jn], 83). Cf 2 Co 12:3-4.+3:13Lit And no one has ascended into heaven. ME(OTB) (see FSB, Jn 3:13; NAC [Pr], 236; TEV at Pr 30:4). Cf Dt 30:11-14; Pr 30:4 (see esp TEV); Jn 1:18.+3:13Cf Dt 30:11-14; Pr 30:4; Dn 7:13-14; Jn 1:18.+3:14An allusion to Nu 21:8-9.+3:15Although the focus of “eternal life”in the NT is eschatological (see Mt 19:29, 25:46; Mk 10:17, 30; Lk 10:25, 18:18-30; Jn 3:15-16, 6:40, 6:54, 12:25; 1 Co 9:25; Jm 1:12; 1 Jn 2:25; Re 2:10), in some places in John’s writings the new life experienced through the “deposit of the Spirit” (to use Paul’s language; see 2 Co 1:22; Eph 1:14) is also included within its purview (see, eg, Jn 4:14, 6:53, 17:2-3). If God himself is “eternal life” (1 Jn 5:20; cf Jn 1:1-4, 4:14, 5:26), and God gives himself as a gift (through the Spirit) to those who believe, then the gift he gives to those who believe is “eternal life”—not in some generic “quality of life” sense (though “eternal life” does, of course, possess qualities and defining characteristics), but in the sense that God’s own life is at work in them through the eternal Spirit (cf Heb 9:14) until they experience “eternal life” through bodily resurrection (see Jn 4:14, 6:40, 6:44, 6:54; cf Rm 8:18-25; Heb 6:5). In light of this, ἔχω ( exō) in this context means “experience” (see UBSHS [Jn], 88; cf BDAG, 421, sv ἔχω 7; L-N, 90.65), and involves fellowship with the Father and the Son through the Spirit (cf, eg, Jn 6:55-56, 17:3; 1 Jn 1:2-3). Cf Php 3:10-11.+3:15This is a more literal rendering of ζωὴν αἰώνιον ( zōēn aiōnion), which most English translations render as “eternal life.” See UBSHS (Jn), 88.+3:16Or unique, or only, or one-of-a-kind. See translation and notes at Jn 1:14.+3:16Cf NCV. In this context, ἀπόλλυμι ( apollumi) is referring to eternal ruin/punishment in Gehenna (note the contrast with “eternal life”). Cf Mt 10:20; 2 Th 1:9; 2 Th 2:10; Re 13:11-17, 14:9-11. Cf also UBSHS (Jn), 89. It does not refer to the annihilation of the wicked.+3:16This is a more literal rendering of ζωὴν αἰώνιον ( zōēn aiōnion), which most English translations render as “eternal life.” See UBSHS (Jn), 88.+3:16Cf Re 2:10-11.+3:18Lit in him. Cf NCV, TEV.+3:18Lit already condemned. John is speaking proleptically here (cf translation and notes at Jn 12:31, 16:11). I have signaled this in translation here with “doom,” so that any potential connection with Jn 16:11 isn’t lost for English readers (see translation and notes there). Although proleptic/prophetic perfects typically occur in the apodosis of an implicit or explicit conditional clause (Wallace, Grammar, 581), this is not always the case (see Robertson, Grammar, 898).+3:18Or unique, or only, or one-of-a-kind. See translation and notes at Jn 1:14.+3:20Cf TEV.+3:21Lit who do the truth, or who deal truly. ME(OTB) (see examples cited with Jn 3:21 in BDAG, 42, sv ἀλήθεια 2.b.; L-N, 41.7; UBSHS [Jn], 93). Cf Jn 1:47; 1 Jn 3:5-9. Cf also HCSB, NCV, NIV.+3:21Lit so that it may be made openly/publicly evident/seen/known. ME. Cf ISV.+3:21An emphasis on union with God is present not only in Paul’s writings, but also in John’s (see, eg, Jn 14-17). Cf Mt 5:16; Ga 2:19-20.+3:25Lit therefore.+3:26Cf NEB in UBSHS (Jn), 98.+3:28Lit You yourselves can bear witness that I said. ME (see UBSHS [Jn], 98; translation and notes at 2 Th 1:10). Cf NCV.+3:31Lit speaks from the earth. ME. Cf 1 Jn 4:6 (see translation and note there).+3:31Or is above all things.+3:33Lit he.+3:33Cf 1 Jn 1:10.+3:34Lit he.+3:34Lit for he does not give [him] the Spirit by measure. ME (see NET Bible Notes, Jn 3:34; UBSHS [Jn], 103). Cf CJB, ISV, NCV, NET, NIV, NLT, TEV.+3:35Lit has given in his hand. ME(I/F) (see L-N, 76.3; NET Bible Notes, Jn 3:35). Cf NCV, NET, TEV.+3:36This is a more literal rendering of ζωὴν αἰώνιον ( zōēn aiōnion), which most English translations render as “eternal life.” See UBSHS (Jn), 88.+4:1Lit that Jesus.+4:5Cf Gn 33:19, 48:22; Jsh 24:32.+4:6Lit The hour was about the sixth. ME(H). Cf ISV, NCV, NET, NLT, NRSV, TEV.+4:9Lit How can you, being a Jew, ask to drink from me, being a Samaritan woman? ME. Cf NIV, TEV.+4:9Or refuse to have dealings with Samaritans. ME(H) (see NET Bible Notes, Jn 4:9; UBSHS [Jn], 113). Cf NET, TEV.+4:11Lit she.+4:11Cf NIV.+4:12Or forefather. Lit father.+4:14Or spring.+4:14This is a more literal rendering of ζωὴν αἰώνιον ( zōēn aiōnion), which most English translations render as “eternal life.” See UBSHS (Jn), 88.+4:16Lit he.+4:18Lit he whom you have. ME. Cf CJB, NCV, NET, NLT, TEV.+4:18Lit This you have said truthfully. ME (see UBSHS [Jn], 119). Cf ESV, HCSB, ISV, NIV, NRSV.+4:20Or forefathers. Lit fathers.+4:20“Jews” is drawn from the plural “you” here, and the context. Cf NLT, TEV.+4:21Lit an hour.+4:22Lit You worship what you do not know. ME (see Robertson, Word Pictures, 121; UBSHS [Jn], 121; Vincent, Word Studies, 2:119; cf the use of the neuter in reference to God here with Ac 17:23). Cf NCV, NLT, TEV.+4:22“Jews” is drawn from the plural “you” here, and the context.+4:22Lit We worship what we know. ME (see note at “worship” above). Cf Dt 4:1-14; Ps 147:19-20; Rm 3:1-2, 9:3-5.+4:23Lit an hour.+4:23Or in spirit. Cf TEV. Cf also Jn 3:5, 14:17, 15:26, 16:13; Php 3:3.+4:24Lit must worship.+4:24Or in spirit.+4:25Cf Gn 3:15, 49:10; Nu 24:17; Dt 18:15.+4:26Or I myself am he. Cf NLT. I interpret this as a reference to the divine name of Ex 3:14 (see translation and notes at Mt 14:27; cf UBSHS [Jn], 124). This is reflected in the translation. Cf also Ex 23:21; Jn 1:1-3, 17:6. The Samaritans recognized the authority of the Pentateuch, which may be one of the reasons Jesus uses this reference here.+4:30Lit they.+4:30Lit to/toward him.+4:31Lit begging him.+4:32Cf NLT.+4:32Lit he.+4:35Lit You say, do you not? ME (see UBSHS [Jn], 128). Cf CJB, NCV, NLT, TEV.+4:36This is a more literal rendering of ζωὴν αἰώνιον ( zōēn aiōnion), which most English translations render as “eternal life.” See UBSHS (Jn), 88.+4:38Lit and you have entered into their labor. ME (see BDAG, 294, εἰσέρχομαι 2; UBSHS [Jn], 130).+4:39Lit because of the word of the woman testifying. ME. Cf CJB, HCSB, ISV, NCV, NIV, TEV.+4:41Lit because of his word/message/speech. ME. Cf CJB, HCSB, NCV.+4:43Lit he.+4:46Lit he.+4:52Lit at the seventh hour. ME(H). Cf CJB, ISV, NCV, NET, NLT, TEV.+4:53Lit at that same hour. ME. Cf NCV, NIV.+4:53Lit he.+5:1Lit there was a festival of the Jews, and Jesus went up to Jerusalem. Cf NCV, NIV, NLT, TEV.+5:2Other manuscripts read Bethesda. For a brief discussion of the manuscript variants here, see NET Bible Notes, Jn 5:2.+5:2Or in Hebrew.+5:2Lit has five porticos. ME(H) (see translation and notes at Ac 3:11; NET Bible Notes, Jn 5:2).+5:3Lit dried up. ME (I/F) (see L-N, 23.173).+5:3Some manuscripts add: “waiting for the moving of the water; 4for an angel of the Lord went down at certain seasons into the pool, and stirred the water: whoever stepped in first after the stirring of the water was healed of whatever disease he had” (ESV). For a brief discussion of textual variants here, see NET Bible Notes, Jn 5:3.+5:9Lit It was a Sabbath on that day. ME. Cf NCV, NIV, NLT, TEV.+5:11Lit he.+5:12Lit Who is the man who told you, “take up your mat and walk”? Cf NIV, NLT, TEV.+5:13Lit a crowd being in the place. ME. Cf NEB.+5:14Lit him.+5:15Lit the Jews. ME(H) (see note at Jn 1:19). Cf NET, NLT, TEV.+5:16Lit the Jews. ME(H) (see note at Jn 1:19). Cf NET, NLT.+5:17Cf Jn 1:1-3.+5:18Or breaking. Cf ESV and RSV at Mt 5:19. Relax is the more likely meaning here (see notes at Mt 11:28, 16:19, 23:4). Cf also Mt 12:1-13; Mk 2:23-3:6; Lk 6:1-11.+5:18Lit thereby making, or thus making.+5:19Lit that one.+5:20Cf TEV.+5:20Cf Is 29:13-14.+5:21Or wills, or wishes, or wants. Cf 2 Pt 1:10.+5:22Cf HCSB, NCV.+5:22Lit but all judgment has given to the Son. ME (see UBSHS [Jn], 155). Cf NAB, Phps.+5:23Cf Ps 72; Is 11:1-5, 42:1-4; Ac 17:31.+5:23Cf JB, NEB, NAB.+5:23Cf Mt 10:40, 13:57; Mk 9:37; Lk 9:48; Jn 4:44,12:44-45.+5:24Lit hears. A call to both attentiveness and an obedient response is implied here (see L-N, 36.14). Cf Dt 18:15-22.+5:24Or word, or message, or teaching. If Dt 18:15-22 is serving as the conceptual backdrop to this statement (which seems probable to me, since the presentation of Jesus as the Prophet who is greater than Moses is such a central feature of John’s gospel), then a rendering like that found in the TEV is best here.+5:24Here the focus seems to be on believing the truth of what the Father said about the Messiah in the OT Scriptures (cf, eg, Jn 2:22, 5:46, 7:38). Hence the rendering here.+5:24Cf Dt 18:15-22; Ac 3:22-23.+5:24See notes at Jn 3:15, 18, 36.+5:24Lit and into condemnation isn’t going to come. Cf Jn 3:18.+5:25Lit an hour.+5:26Lit For just as the Father has life in himself, so he has granted also to the Son to have life in himself. ME (see UBSHS [Jn], 159). Cf JB, NEB, NLT, TEV. V 21 confirms that the interpretation of “life in himself” represented in the NLT and TEV is accurate. Cf Jn 1:4.+5:27Cf Dn 7.+5:28Lit an hour.+5:29Or to, or unto. Cf Re 20:4-6, 11-15.+5:29Or to, or unto. Cf Re 20:4-6, 11-15.+5:29Cf Jb 34:11; Ps 28:4, 62:12; Pr 24:12; Jr 17:10, 32:19; Mt 16:27; Lk 14:14; Ac 24:15; Rm 2:6, 14:12; 2 Co 5:10; 1 Pt 1:17; Re 2:23, 20:4-6, 20:11-15, 22:12.+5:30Lit as I hear. ME. Cf NCV, NLT, TEV.+5:30Cf Is 2:1-4, 11:1-5, 42:1-4.+5:30Cf Ps 40:7-8.+5:31Cf Dt 19:15.+5:32Or It is another.+5:33Cf Jn 1:19-27.+5:34Lit I don’t receive/accept the testimony from man. ME (see UBSHS [Jn], 164). Cf JB, NEB, NLT.+5:35Lit exult. ME (see LALS, sv ἀγαλλιάω; L-N, 25.133).+5:35Lit in the light of him. ME/IT ( UBSHS [Jn], 165). Cf NLT. While I agree with the interpretation of the UBSHS here (ie, that John’s message is in view here), I would argue that John’s life is also in view. Cf, eg, Mt 11:11; Lk 1:15-16.+5:36Lit I have the testimony/witness greater than that of John. ME (see UBSHS [Jn], 165). Cf NEB, NIV, TEV. Translation is a bit tricky here, since one “witness” is a person, and the other a set of acts (for further discussion, see UBSHS [Jn], 165).+5:36Cf Ex 3-4.+5:37Cf Dt 4:12-13; Ex 33:20.+5:38Lit he whom that one.+5:39This is a more literal rendering of ζωὴν αἰώνιον ( zōēn aiōnion), which most English translations render as “eternal life.” See UBSHS (Jn), 88.+5:40Or have, or experience, or share in. See note at Jn 3:15. Cf NLT.+5:41Or praise, or glory.+5:42Lit I know you. ME. Cf TEV. Again, the focus in this context is on character (see translation and notes at Jn 1:48, 2:24-25).+5:42Lit within you (the “you” here is plural). ME. Cf NIV, TEV.+5:43ME(H)/IT (see UBSHS [Jn], 170; translation and notes at 1 Co 1:10). Cf TEV.+5:43Lit If another, or If someone else.+5:43Cf Is 9:13-16; Jr 5:31, 6:13, 14:14, 23:9-39, 27:10-15, 29:9; Ezk 13:1-19; Mic 3:5.+5:44Or glory, or praise.+5:44Lit when you receive glory/honor/praise from one another. ME (see translation and note at v 41 above).+5:44Or glory, or praise.+5:47Lit of that one.+6:2Lit the signs that he was doing on the sick. ME (see UBSHS [Jn], 177). Cf HCSB, NCV, NLT, TEV.+6:4Lit The Passover was near, the Festival of the Jews. ME. Cf NCV, NLT.+6:6Lit test him.+6:7Lit two hundred denarii. ME(H) (see note at Mt 18:24). Cf NIV.+6:7Lit Two hundred denarii worth of bread is not enough for them that each one may take a little. ME (see UBSHS [Jn], 179). Cf NCV, NIV, TEV.+6:8Lit his.+6:9Lit But what are these for so many? ME (see UBSHS [Jn], 180). Cf NET, NLT.+6:10Lit with respect to the number about five thousand.+6:11ME(H)/IT. The “loaves” were not long like those in supermarkets today, but were small and round (one person might normally eat three during a meal). Five loaves might have been enough for two people (see L-N, 5.8; UBSHS [Mt], 460).+6:11Or pickled. ME(H)/IT. The fish were not raw, but were cooked or pickled (see UBSHS [Mt], 460; UBSHS [Mk], 205).+6:11Lit they.+6:12Lit he.+6:12Cf HCSB, ISV. See note at Mt 14:20.+6:13Lit So they collected and filled twelve baskets of fragments from the five loaves of barley which abounded to/were leftover by the people. ME (see note at Mt 14:20; UBSHS [Jn], 182). ἐκ ( ek) here is signaling that the five loaves were the original source of the fragments.+6:14Lit he.+6:14Cf Dt 18:15-22.+6:15Lit they. Cf NCV.+6:15Lit that they were about to come and seize him so that they might make him king. ME. Cf NLT.+6:16Lit his.+6:19Lit about twenty-five or thirty stadia. ME(H). Cf ESV, HCSB, ISV, NCV, NET, NLT. One stadion was about 600 feet.+6:20Or I AM. See notes at Mt 14:27; Jn 4:26. Cf Ex 23:21; Jn 1:1-3, 17:6.+6:22Lit The next day, the crowd that was standing on the other side of the sea saw that a another small boat was not there, except one, and that Jesus did not comes with his disciples into the boat, but only his disciples had departed. ME (see UBSHS [Jn], 189). The mismatch in languages is obvious here. Cf HCSB, NCV, NET, NIV, TEV.+6:23Lit they.+6:26Lit but because you ate from the loaves and were satisfied. ME (see UBSHS [Mt], 462). Cf CJB, NET, TEV.+6:27This is a more literal rendering of ζωὴν αἰώνιον ( zōēn aiōnion), which most English translations render as “eternal life.” See UBSHS (Jn), 88.+6:27Cf Ex 16:4-5, 35.+6:27Lit For this one the Father has sealed, God. ME (see BDAG, 980, σφραγίζω 3, 4; UBSHS [Jn], 194). Cf Jn 5:30-47.+6:28Lit What shall we do so that we may be working/doing the works/deeds of God? ME (see UBSHS [Jn], 194). Cf JB, NEB.+6:29Lit This is the work of God. The genitive here is subjective (see BDAG, 390, sv ἔργον 1.c.β.). Cf NCV, TEV.+6:31Or forefathers. Lit fathers.+6:31Ps 78:24. Cf Ex 16:4-36.+6:35Or I myself am. See notes at Mt 14:27; Jn 4:26. Cf Ex 23:21; Jn 1:1-3, 17:6.+6:37Cf Is 8:18.+6:37Cf Jn 6:12; 1 Co 1:26-31.+6:38Cf Ps 40:7-8; Ezk 34.+6:39Cf Is 8:18.+6:40This is a more literal rendering of ζωὴν αἰώνιον ( zōēn aiōnion), which most English translations render as “eternal life.” See UBSHS (Jn), 88.+6:40Cf Nu 21:9; Jn 3:14.+6:41Lit the Jews. In John’s gospel, the “Jews” can refer to the Jewish authorities, to the people generally, or to those who were hostile to Jesus (see NET Bible Notes, Jn 1:19; translation and notes at Ac 9:22). In this context, it is referring to the people generally (see vv 60-66). Cf NCV, NLT, TEV.+6:41Cf Ex 17:3; Nu 14:26-30, 16:41, 17:1-7.+6:45Is 54:13. Cf Jr 31:33-34; Jn 6:45; 1 Co 2:13; 1 Th 4:9; 1 Jn 2:20; Heb 8:10-11.+6:45Cf Jn 1:48-49, 4:25, 5:44-47.+6:47See note at Jn 3:15.+6:47This is a more literal rendering of ζωὴν αἰώνιον ( zōēn aiōnion), which most English translations render as “eternal life.” See UBSHS (Jn), 88.+6:49Or forefathers. Lit fathers.+6:50Lit This is the bread that comes down from heaven, that someone may eat of it and not die. ME (see UBSHS [Jn], 205). Cf CJB, TEV.+6:51Or I myself am.+6:51Lit flesh. Translated according to “Flesh” C (see FBT Chart). Cf UBSHS (Jn), 206.+6:51Lit for the life of. ὑπέρ ( huper) here is functioning as a marker of benefaction (see, cf, L-N, 90.36). The meaning is the same here as in v 33.+6:52Lit the Jews. In John’s gospel, the “Jews” can refer to the Jewish authorities, to the people generally, or to those who were hostile to Jesus (see NET Bible Notes, Jn 1:19; translation and notes at Ac 9:22). In this context, it is referring to the people generally (see vv 60-66). Cf NCV, NLT, TEV.+6:52Lit flesh. Translated according to “Flesh” C (see FBT Chart). Cf UBSHS (Jn), 206.+6:53Translated according to “Flesh” C (see FBT Chart). Cf UBSHS (Jn), 206.+6:54Lit flesh. Translated according to “Flesh” C (see FBT Chart). Cf UBSHS (Jn), 206.+6:54See note at Jn 3:15.+6:54This is a more literal rendering of ζωὴν αἰώνιον ( zōēn aiōnion), which most English translations render as “eternal life.” See UBSHS (Jn), 88.+6:55Lit flesh. Translated according to “Flesh” C (see FBT Chart). Cf UBSHS (Jn), 206.+6:56Lit flesh. Translated according to “Flesh” C (see FBT Chart). Cf UBSHS (Jn), 206.+6:56Lit remains in me, or dwells in me. ME (see BDAG, 631, sv μένω 1.a.β.; UBSHS [Jn], 209). Cf 1 Co 10:16; 1 Jn 1:2-3.+6:57Lit because of the Father. ME/IT (see UBSHS [Jn], 209).+6:57Lit because of me. ME/IT (see UBSHS [Jn], 209). Cf Rm 6:10-11; 1 Jn 1:2-3.+6:58Or forefathers. Lit fathers.+6:58Lit not just as the fathers ate and died. ME. Cf CJB, NCV, NET, TEV.+6:60Or message, or word.+6:60Or Who can understand such talk? Lit Who can hear it? ME (see UBSHS [Jn], 212). Cf CJB, HCSB, ISV, NCV, NIV.+6:61Lit Knowing in himself. ME (see UBSHS [Jn], 212). Cf TEV.+6:61Cf Ps 118:22; Is 8:14; 28:16; Mt 11:6, 13:57; Lk 2:34; Rm 9:33; 1 Pe 2:6-8.+6:63Lit the flesh. Translated according to “Flesh” G (see FBT Chart; cf UBSHS [Jn], 213). Cf NLT, TEV. Cf also Ga 3:1-6.+6:63Or are Spirit, or are spirit. If this is a reference to the Holy Spirit (I agree with the UBSHS [see UBSHS (Jn), 213] that this is in fact likely, despite the lack of the article; cf, eg, Jn 3:5-6, 4:24), then the meaning here is something like “in which the Spirit’s work is exhibited” (see BDAG, 835, sv πνεῦμα 6.a.), or “full of the Spirit” (cf NIV [2011 edition]; cf also Robertson, Word Pictures, Jn 6:63, where he comments that the “breath of God” is “in these words”; this would be essentially equivalent to “full of”). Hence the translation here.+6:66Or From that time on.+6:68Lit of. ME (see UBSHS [Jn], 216).+6:68This is a more literal rendering of ζωὴν αἰώνιον ( zōēn aiōnion), which most English translations render as “eternal life.” See UBSHS (Jn), 88.+6:69Cf Lk 22:28.+7:1Lit for he was not wanting to walk in Judea. ME. CJB, NIV.+7:1Lit the Jews. ME(H) (see note at Jn 1:19).+7:2Cf Lv 23:33–43; Dt 16:13–15.+7:3Lit his.+7:4Lit in secret. ME (see UBSHS [Jn], 222). Cf NEB.+7:4Lit to the world. ME. κόσμος ( kosmos) here is referring to the world of mankind (see BDAG, 562, sv 6; UBSHS [Jn], 222).+7:6Lit My appointed time.+7:6Lit Your appointed time is ready always. ME (see UBSHS [Jn], 223). Cf CJB, NCV, NIV, TEV.+7:8Some manuscripts include οὔπω ( oupō) here, possibly as an attempt to reconcile this verse with v 10 (for a discussion of textual variants here, see NET Bible Notes, Jn 7:8). Even the more difficult reading, however, is not necessarily contradictory to v 10 when the function of the verbal aspect in this context is taken into consideration. In certain contexts the present indicative sometimes functions inceptively (highlighting the beginning of an action). V 10, therefore, can simply be seen as a contextual indicator that a beginning of action is in view here.+7:8Or has not yet been completed.+7:10Lit he.+7:10Lit in secret. Maintaining consistency in translation with v 4. See translation and note there.+7:11Lit the Jews. ME(H) (see note at Jn 1:19).+7:12Or the crowds, or the masses.+7:13Lit the Jews. ME(H) (see note at Jn 1:19).+7:15Lit therefore. ME. Cf NLT.+7:15Lit How does this man know learning/knowledge/letters...? ME (see UBSHS [Jn], 228). Cf CJB, HCSB, ISV, NET, NLT, TEV.+7:15Lit ...when he hasn’t learned? ME(H) (see NET Bible Notes, Jn 7:14; UBSHS [Jn], 228).+7:17Cf Ps 1:2, 37:4, 40:8, 119; Jn 4:34, 5:30, 6:38,14:31; Heb 10:7.+7:17Lit he.+7:17Or will learn, or will know, or will find out, or will understand. Drawing from ANLEX (see ANLEX, 99, sv γινώσκω 1, 6) and LEH LXX Lex (see LEH LXX Lex, sv γινώσκω) in translation here. Cf HCSB, NIV.+7:17Lit he will know/come to know about the teaching. The content of the knowledge is made clear by what follows.+7:17Lit from myself. ME (see BDAG, 321, sv ἐμαυτοῦ c.; UBSHS [Jn], 230). Cf ESV, NET, NKJV, RSV, TEV.+7:17Cf Jn 5:43, 6:27.+7:18Or glory, or praise.+7:18Or true.+7:18Lit in him. ME. Cf CJB, NCV, NLT, TEV at Jn 2:25; NIV and TEV at Jn 5:42.+7:18Cf Is 9:13-16; Jr 5:31, 6:13, 14:14, 23:9-39, 27:10-15, 29:9; Ezk 13:1-19; Mic 3:5; Mt 7:15-20; Jn 5:43-45; 2 Co 11:1-12:10; Th 2:4-8; 2 Pt 2:1; 1 Jn 4:1; Re 2:3.+7:19Lit And yet none of you are doing the Law/Torah. ME. The Hebrew word torah means “instruction” (see, eg, the HCSB at Ps 1:2; DBL Hebrew, #9368). Cf also L-N, 33.55.+7:19Cf Ex 20:13, Dt 5:17.+7:21Lit I did one deed/work. ME/IT (see BDAG, 1.c.α. ἔργον; NET Bible Notes, Jn 7:21; UBSHS [Jn], 232). Cf NCV, NET, NIV, NLT, TEV.+7:21The context here indicates a negative reaction (see v 23). This suggests that Jesus’ response here is directed primarily to the authorities (cf Jn 5:9-16).+7:22Lit not that it is from Moses, but from the fathers. ME (see BDAG, 807, sv περιτομη 1.a.; UBSHS [Jn], 232). Cf NLT, TEV. Cf Gn 17:12-14; Lv 12:3.+7:22Lit For this reason Moses has given you circumcision (not that it is of Moses, but of the fathers), and even on the Sabbath you circumcise a man. ME (OTB/H)/IT (see UBSHS [Jn], 232). The gap in languages here is obvious, and Jesus’ point here hinges on the IT. Cf NCV, NLT, TEV.+7:23Lit If a man receives circumcision on the Sabbath so that the Law of Moses is not loosed, are you angry with me because I made a an entire man well on the Sabbath? ME(H)/IT (see NET Bible Notes, Jn 7:23; UBSHS [Jn], 234). Again, the mismatch in languages here is obvious, and the argument is almost unintelligible apart from the IT being made explicit. The argument is a from-lesser-to-greater argument.+7:24Cf Is 11:3, 42:1-5; Mt 12:18; Jn 5:30.+7:25Lit they. Cf TEV.+7:28Lit from myself. Maintaining consistency in translation with vv 17-18 (see translation and notes there). Cf NCV, TEV.+7:28Or true, truthful, or reliable. Cf Jn 1:14-17; Rm 15:8.+7:30Lit they. Cf NLT. The next verse makes it clear that the leaders are once again primarily in view here.+7:30Lit him.+7:30Lit hour.+7:32Lit about him.+7:32Lit the chief priests and the Pharisees.+7:34Cf Dt 4:29; 1 Ch 28:9; Ps 32:6; Is 55:6; Ho 5:14-6:3; Jr 29:12-14.+7:35Lit the Jews. ME(H) (see note at Jn 1:19).+7:35Lit to the dispersion. ME(H) (see NET Bible Notes, Jn 7:35; UBSHS [Jn], 242). Cf NET, NLT.+7:35Or the Greeks.+7:38Or “If someone is thirsty, let him come to me and drink. The one who believes in me, as the Scripture says, ‘rivers/streams...’ ” The original Greek manuscripts had no punctuation. Historically, the “Eastern interpretation” placed a major stop after “drink,” while the “Western interpretation” placed it after “the one who puts faith in me” (the latter is also called the “Christological interpretation,” and may be a chiasmus; for a brief discussion, see NET Bible Notes, Jn 7:37; UBSHS [Jn], 245). The “Western interpretation” is reflected in the translation here, with the “Eastern translation” reflected in the footnote. Cf JB, NAB, NEB, NET, TEV.+7:38Lit from his stomach. ME(I/F) (see ANLEX, 233, sv κοιλία 2.a.; DBL Greek, #3120.3; UBSHS [Jn], 246). Cf HCSB, NET, NIV.+7:38Cf Ex 17:6, Ps 78:16; Is 12:1-3, 33:21, 43:18-21, 44:1-7, 55:1, 58:11; Ezk 47:1; Jl 3:18; Zc 13:1, 14:8; Jn 4:14; Re 22:1.+7:39Lit This he said about the Spirit. ME (see UBSHS [Jn], 247). Cf NCV, NIV, NLT.+7:39Included within the purview of δοξάζω ( doxazō) is both the giving of honor and the causing of someone to enter into a state of being “clothed” in resurrected glory (see BDAG, δοξάζω, 258, 1, 2). In Jesus’ case, the exaltation/giving of honor also involves the ascension (cf, eg, Ac 2:33; Php 2:9). Cf NCV, TEV.+7:42Cf 2 Sm 7:8-16; Ps 89:3-4,132:11; Jr 23:5; Mic 5:2.+7:43Lit Therefore a division took place among the crowd because of him. ME. Cf CJB, NCV, NLT, NIV.+7:44Lit from them, or among them.+7:49Or crowd. Drawing from L-N in translation here (see L-N, 87.64). Cf NET.+7:49Or the Law.+7:49Cf NCV, NLT, TEV.+7:50Lit him.+7:50Lit being one of them. ME (see UBSHS [Jn], 253). Cf TEV.+7:51Lit Does the Law condemn the man if it does not first hear from him and know what he does? ME (see UBSHS [Jn], 254). Cf ISV, NLT, TEV.+7:52Or a prophet.+8:1The earliest manuscripts do not have Jn 7:53-8:11 (see NET Bible Notes, Jn 7:53/8:1). Following the lead of many English translations (see, eg, ESV, NET, NRSV, TEV), the section has been placed in brackets here.+8:2Lit he.+8:3Lit had been caught in adultery. ME. Cf CJB, NET, TEV.+8:3Drawing from the UBSHS in translation here (see UBSHS [Mt], 558).+8:4Lit to him.+8:5Cf Lv 20:10; Dt 22:22.+8:6Cf Ex 8:19, 31:18.+8:7Lit The one without sin among you must throw a stone at her first. ME (see L-N, 88.311). Cf NCV, NLT, TEV.+8:9Lit and he was left alone. Cf HCSB.+8:9Lit the women being in the midst. The prepositional phrase used here (ἐν μέσῳ [ en mesō]) is the same as that used in v 3 above (see translation and notes there). This indicates it was the leaders/accusers who left one by one, while the rest of crowd (cf v 2) remained. Cf NLT. Maintaining consistency in translation with v 3.+8:10Lit Where are they? Cf ISV, NLT.+8:11Or “ Not one, sir.”+8:11Lit from now on no longer be sinning/committing sin. ME (see UBSHS [Jn], 262). Cf NAB, NRSV, RSV, TEV. Some measure of warning is implied here (cf Jn 5:14).+8:12Lit to them. See v 20. Cf JB, NCV, NEB, NIV, NLT, Phps.+8:12Lit follows me. ME(H) (see note at Mt 4:19).+8:13Or valid. See translation and notes at Jn 5:31.+8:14IT. A “going back” is implied here. Cf ISV, NCV, NLT at Jn 7:33. Cf also Jn 17:5.+8:15Lit according to the flesh. ME. Cf CJB, HCSB, ISV, NCV, NIV, NRSV.+8:15Cf Ex 34:6-7; Nu 14:18-19; Rm 2:4.+8:16Lit if I condemn, or if I judge.+8:16Cf Is 11:1-5; 42:1-4; Jn 5:19-30; Ac 17:31; Rm 2:1-10; 2 Th 2:5-6.+8:16Lit and. ME (see UBSHS [Jn], 261). Cf HCSB, NET, NLT, TEV.+8:16Cf Is 11:1-5; 42:1-4; Jn 5:19-30; Ac 17:31; Rm 2:1-10; 2 Th 2:5-6.+8:18Lit I myself am the one bearing witness on my own behalf, and the Father who sent me bears witness on my behalf. ME. Cf NCV, NIV, NLT, TEV. The meaning here is that Jesus himself and the Father are the two witnesses who testify on his behalf.+8:19Cf ISV.+8:20Lit These words he spoke in the treasury while teaching in the temple. ME(H)/IT (see translation and notes at Mk 12:41). Cf NCV, NLT, NIV.+8:20Lit hour.+8:21Lit he.+8:21Cf 1 Sm 3:14; Is 22:14; Ezk 3:16-20.+8:22Lit the Jews. ME(H) (see note at Jn 1:19).+8:23Lit he.+8:24πιστεύω ( pisetuēō) includes both belief/conviction of truth and trust (see L-N, 31.85; translation and notes at Ga 3:6). The point here is that those who trust God to act in a manner consistent with His Name and revealed character (see Ex 3:14, 34:6-7), which never changes (see Ps 102:27; Ml 3:6; Heb 13:8; Jm 1:17), will receive forgiveness for their sins (through atonement; cf v 28) and therefore not die in them.+8:24Cf NLT, TEV. This is a reference to the divine name of Ex 3:14.+8:24Cf Ex 3:14, 23:20-21; Jn 17:6.+8:25Or What I have been telling you from the start.+8:28Cf Ps 40:6-8, Is 50:4.+8:29Cf Ex 15:26; Dt 6:18, 12:25, 13:18, 21:9; Ps 9:10, 16:10, 37:28, 37:33, 40:7-8, 94:14; Ga 4:4.+8:30Lit These things while he was speaking.+8:31Or who had believed in him, or who had trusted him.+8:31Or my word, or my message. Cf 2 Ti 3:14; 2 Jn 9.+8:33Lit How do you say? ME (see BDAG, 901, sv πῶς 1.a.γ). Cf CJB, NLT, TEV. For the rhetorical force of πῶς ( pōs) in this type of context, see BDAG, 901, sv 1.a.α-δ.+8:34Lit Everyone who commits sin. Cf NIV, NLT, TEV.+8:35Cf Ga 4:1-9, 21-30.+8:36Cf Rm 8:12-25; 2 Co 3:17-18; Ga 4:1-9, 21-30; Eph 1:5; Heb 2:5-18.+8:37Or word, or message. Cf Mk 4:1-20.+8:37Or my teaching has no place. Cf NET.+8:37Lit in you, or within you, or among you. ME. Cf NLT.+8:38Cf Jn 1:18, 3:11-13, and 3:32.+8:38Cf vv 31 and 37.+8:38Other manuscripts read: “you do what you have heard from your father” (NRSV). Cf NET, NRSV. For a brief discussion of the manuscript variants here, see NET Bible Notes, Jn 8:38.+8:38Cf Dt 18:15-22; Jn 5:43-47, 8:31, 10:30, 14:6-13, 17; Ac 3:22-23.+8:39Lit you would be doing the deeds/works of Abraham. ME. Cf NLT. The NLT captures the meaning well here in my opinion (cf, eg, Rm 4:12; 1 Co 4:14-17), and has thus been followed in translation.+8:41Lit We have not been born of sexual immorality. ME (see BDAG, 854, sv πορνεία 1; UBSHS [Jn], 284). Cf CJB, ISV, NCV, NIV, NLT, TEV.+8:41Cf Ex 4:22; Dt 32:6; Is 1:2, 63:16, 64:8; Jr 31:9; Hs 11:1; Ml 2:10.+8:42Lit that one.+8:43Lit cannot hear. ME (see UBSHS [Jn], 286). Cf Mk 4:1-20; Jn 3:11, 6:60.+8:43Or teaching, or word.+8:44Lit You are from/of your father the devil, or You belong to your father the devil. Translating along the lines of “example” as in vv 39-41 above (see translation and notes there). The second genitive is appositional.+8:44Lit that one.+8:44Or did not uphold. Scholars are divided as to whether the perfect or the imperfect represents the original here (cf, eg, BDAG, 944, sv στήκω; Robertson, Word Pictures, Jn 8:44; UBSHS [Jn], 26). The meaning is essentially the same either way.+8:44Lit does not stand in the truth. ME (see NET Bible Notes, Jn 8:44). Cf NET.+8:44Cf 2 Co 11:3.+8:44Lit out of his own things. ME (see UBSHS [Jn], 287). Cf ESV, HCSB, LEB, NASB, NET, NRSV, RSV.+8:44Cf Gn 3; Ezk 28:15; Mt 7:17-20, 12:34.+8:44Or the father of all lies. Cf HCSB, TEV.+8:47Lit The one who is of/produced by God. A child produced by God is the meaning here. Cf Jn 1:13, v 39 above.+8:47ME/IT (see translation and note at v 43 above). The meaning is the same here. Cf NET, NLT; L-N, 31.56.+8:48In Greek, questions that begin with οὐ ( ou) expect an affirmative answer (Black, Grammar, 170; Mounce, Grammar, 296). Cf ESV, HCSB, NET, NRSV, RSV.+8:50In John’s gospel, “glory” is often used in the sense of “honor” and “praise” (see, eg, Jn 5:41-44, 7:18), with the Son’s exalted resurrected state also in view at times (a visible display of the honor received; see, eg, 17:5).+8:50Cf Jn 7:18.+8:50Lit there is the one. ME (see UBSHS [Jn], 291).+8:50Cf Mt 17:5; Ac 3:22-23.+8:51Lit he will not see death into the age/for eternity. Jesus is referring ultimately to deliverance from the Second Death, which includes bodily resurrection (see translation and notes at Jn 3:16-18; cf also UBSHS [Jn], 89, 367). Cf Jn 3:16-20, 3:31-36, 5:19-29; Re 2:11, 20:1-14, 21:7-8.+8:53Cf Jn 4:12.+8:53Cf NET.+8:55Cf Is 1:3; Jr 2:8, 4:22, 5:4, 8:7, 9:3, 24:7, 30:18-22, 31:1, 31:31-34; Ho 5:4, Ho 2:23, 6:6; Zc 8:8, 13:9; Jn 1:8, 3:13, 5:37-38; Re 21:7.+8:56Lit my day. ME (see BDAG, 438, ἡμέρα 4.a.). Cf Mt 13:17; Heb 11:13; 1Pt 1:10-12.+8:56The meaning of εἶδεν ( eiden) in this context is clearly “foresaw” (see UBSHS [Jn], 294). In addition to the knowledge Abraham had received from God concerning the promises, Abraham’s experience of typological events (eg, Gn 22), or prophetic knowledge (in certain contexts, the ὁράω [ horaō] word group refers to prophetic vision [see, eg, Is 6:1 (LXX); Mt 17:9; Ac 9:12, 10:3, 12:9, 16:10]), may also be in view here. Cf Heb 11:13; Gn 20:7.+8:56Cf Gn 22.+9:1Lit a man blind from birth. ME (see UBSHS [Jn], 297).+9:2Lit Who sinned, this man or his parents, that he was born blind? ME. Cf NCV, NLT, TEV.+9:3Lit neither this man sinned nor his parents. ME (see UBSHS [Jn], 298). Cf CJB, NCV. NLT, Phps, TEV.+9:3Lit so that the deeds of God may be/are displayed in him. ME (see BDAG, sv ἔργον 1.c.α.; UBSHS [Jn], 299; translation and notes at Rm 9:17). The ἵνα ( hina) clause here is most likely purpose/result (for more on purpose/result ἵνα clauses, see BDAG, 477, sv ἵνα 3; Wallace, Grammar, 473-4). This is signaled through “plans” in translation here.+9:6Lit he.+9:6Lit his.+9:7Lit which is translated “sent”. ME. Cf CJB, HCSB, NCV, NLT, TEV.+9:8Lit The neighbors and those seeing him formerly that he was a beggar. ME (see UBSHS [Jn], 302). Customary action is the meaning here. Cf NAB.+9:9Lit that one. Cf ISV, NCV, NET, NIV, TEV.+9:9Lit I myself am. ME. Using a more colloquial rendering in translation here.+9:14Lit his.+9:17Lit What do you yourself say about him, since he opened your eyes? Cf NIV, NRSV.+9:17Lit he.+9:18Lit the Jews. ME(H) (see translation and notes at Jn 1:19).+9:18Lit he.+9:18Lit the parents of him who had received his sight.+9:21Lit He is of mature age/stature. ME (see UBSHS [Jn], 310). Cf CJB, NCV, NLT, TEV.+9:22 for the Jewish authorities had already agreed. Cf NCV, NLT, TEV.+9:22Lit him.+9:24Lit called the man for the second time, who was blind. ME (see UBSHS [Jn], 312). Cf TEV.+9:24Lit Give glory to God. ME(OTB) (see BDAG, 242, sv δίδωμι 3; L-N, 33.468; UBSHS [Jn], 312). Cf CJB, NET, TEV.+9:27Lit he.+9:27Lit Why do you want to hear [it]...? ME/IT (see UBSHS [Jn], 313).+9:27Lit his.+9:31Lit does not hear/listen to. ME/IT (see UBSHS [Jn], 315).+9:31Cf Jb 27:9, 35:12; Ps 18:41, 68:18-19; Pr 1:28, 15:29, 28:9; Is 1:15, 59:2; Jr 5:25, 11:11, 14:12; Ezk 8:18; Mic 3:4; Zc 7:13.+9:31Cf Pr 15:29; Ps 34:15.+9:32Lit From the age. ME. Cf NET.+9:34Lit You were born wholly in sins. ME (see UBSHS [Jn], 316). Cf NCV.+9:35Lit heard that they threw him out. Cf TEV.+9:35Lit found him.+9:38Lit he.+9:38Lit him.+9:39Cf Ps 69:22-23; Is 6:10, 29:10; Ro 11:7-10.+9:41Lit would not have sin. ME. In this context, ἁμαρτία ( hamartia) is referring primarily to guilt for sin (see L-N, 88.310; UBSHS [Jn], 319). Cf CJB, ESV, NCV, NET, NIV, NLT, RSV, TEV.+9:41Cf Rm 2:17-24.+10:3Or his voice. Cf Mk 4:13-20. τῆς φωνῆς αὐτοῦ ( tēs phōnēs autou) is in P2 (see BART Display and LDGNT), and has therefore been italicized for extra focus and emphasis.+10:3Cf Nu 27:17; Ezk 34:13.+10:4Cf Rm 8:12-17; 1 Co 15:20-23; Ga 4:5; Eph 1:5; Heb 2:5-3:6, 4:8, 12:1-2.+10:4Or his voice.+10:6Lit what the things were that he was speaking to them. ME. Cf NCV, NLT, TEV.+10:7Or I myself am.+10:8Or hear, or heed.+10:8Cf Jn 9:13-34.+10:9Or will be saved, or will be delivered, or will be kept from harm.+10:10Lit so that they may have life, and have it exceedingly/abundantly. Cf NCV, NLT.+10:11Cf Jr 23:1-4; Ezk 34:11-24.+10:13Lit about the sheep.+10:16Cf Gn 12:3, 18:18, 22:18, 26:4, 28:14; Is 42:1-9, 49:1-7; Jr 4:2; Jn 17; Ac 3:25; Ga 3:16; Eph 2; Re 7.+10:16Or voice.+10:16Cf Ac 10.+10:16Lit and they. The referent here is to the sheep from the sheepfold discussed in vv 1-14 (ie, Jews) and the sheep not from “this sheepfold” (v 16; ie, Gentiles). Cf UBSHS (Jn), 332.+10:16Cf Jn 17; Eph 2, 4; Re 7.+10:17Or why the Father loves.+10:17Cf Mt 16:24-26; Mk 8:34-36; Lk 9:23-24; Jn 12:23-26.+10:19Or the people. Lit the Jews. ME(H) (see translation and notes at Jn 1:19). Cf Jn 7:43, 9:16.+10:19Lit A division again took place among the Jews because of these words. ME. Cf NLT.+10:23Lit in the colonnade of Solomon. ME(H)/IT (see translation and notes at Ac 3:11).+10:24Or the people. Lit the Jews. ME(H) (see translation and notes at Jn 1:19). Cf NCV, NET, TEV.+10:24Lit How long are you going to lift up our soul? ME(I/F) (see L-N, 30.36). Cf most English translations.+10:25Cf CJB, NCV, NLT, TEV.+10:27Or hear, or heed.+10:27Or my voice.+10:28This is a more literal rendering of ζωὴν αἰώνιον ( zōēn aiōnion), which most English translations render as “eternal life.” See UBSHS (Jn), 88.+10:28Cf Rm 8:37-39, 14:4; Php 1:6. Cf also Nu 22-24, 25; Mt 10:33; 1 Co 6:9-11, 10:8; Eph 5:3-5; Re 2:14; 2 Ti 2:12-13.+10:29Other early manuscripts read: What my Father has given me is more precious than anything else.+10:29Cf Rm 8:37-39.+10:31Or the people. Lit the Jews. ME(H) (see translation and notes at Jn 1:19).+10:32Or by my Father’s power. Lit from the Father. ME (see UBSHS [Jn], 343). Cf GeCL, NEB, NLT.+10:33Or the people. Lit the Jews. ME(H) (see translation and notes at Jn 1:19).+10:34Lit your Law. Here νόμος ( nomos) is referring to the entire Tanakh (the Torah, the Writings [including the Psalms, from which Jesus quotes here], and Prophets) (see BSL, Jn 10:34, sv; L-N, 33.56). Cf HCSB, NLT.+10:34Ps 82:6+10:35Lit he. Cf TEV.+10:35Or those ones. ME(OTB)/IT. Contrary to what Rabbinic tradition, and many commentaries, claim (see, eg, Lange, Commentary [Jn], 333; NAC [Jn], 343; NET Bible Notes, Jn 10:34; Robertson, Word Pictures, Jn 10:35; UBSHS [Jn], 344), Ps 82 (the passage from which Jesus is quoting here) is most likely not addressing Israel or human judges who had corrupted justice (cf CJB, NCV, NLT, and TEV), but the members of the divine council (see FSB, Dt 32:8, Ps 82, Jn 10:34; NET Bible Notes, Dt 32:7). Michael Heiser’s work in this area is very insightful (see http://www.thedivinecouncil.com). The argument here is a from-lesser-to-greater argument: If God called even the angelic “sons of God” who made up the divine council “gods,” even though they were only created beings whose immortality was contingent on the decision of the Creator (cf Gn 6:2 [“sons of God” in the MT, “angels” in the LXX]; Jb 1:6, 2:1, 38:7 [“sons of God” in the MT, “angels” in the LXX]; 1 Ki 22:19-23; Ps 89:5-8, 95:3; Dn 10; Rm 8:37-39; 1 Co 2:8, 8:1-6; Ga 4:1-9; Eph 1:21; Col 1:16; 1 Pt 3:22; 2 Pt 2:4; Jd 6), how much more appropriate is it for the unique, uncreated Son, the Word of God himself, to be called “God”—since that is what he actually is!+10:35Lit loosed. ME (see BDAG, sv λύω 4; Ibid, γραφή 2.b.β.; BSL, Jn 10:35, sv λύω; NET Bible Notes, Jn 10:35; UBSHS [Jn], 345). Cf ISV, NCV, NLT, TEV.+10:36Lit do you say about him whom the Father sanctified and sent into the world that he blasphemes...?+10:38Lit believe the works. ME (see BDAG, 816, sv πιστεύω 1.a.δ.).+10:38Lit know and be knowing. ME (see NAC [Jn], 344).+10:39Lit went out of their hand. ME (see L-N, 37.110). Cf NCV.+10:40Lit he.+10:40Cf Jn 1:28.+11:1Lit Now a certain man was sick, Lazarus from Bethany, from the village of Mary and Martha her sister. Cf CJB, NEB, NET, TEV.+11:2Cf Mt 26:6-13; Mk 14:3-8; Lk10:38-41; Jn 12:1-8.+11:3Lit sent to him, saying. ME/IT. Cf NCV, TEV.+11:4Lit This sickness is not to death. ME (see UBSHS [Jn], 355).+11:4Lit for the sake of/because of/in view of the glory of God. ME (see BDAG, 1030, sv ὑπέρ 1.b.; UBSHS [Jn], 356). The revealing/display of God’s power is meant here (see v 40). Cf Jn 9:3.+11:4See notes at Jn 7:39, 8:50.+11:6Lit he.+11:8Or the people. Lit the Jews. ME(H) (see note at Jn 1:19).+11:9Lit walking about in the day. ME (see UBSHS [Jn], 358).+11:9Cf Ps 118:22; Is 8:14; 28:16; Mt 11:6; Lk 2:34; Rm 9:33; 1 Pe 2:6-8.+11:9Lit he sees. ME. Cf NCV at v 10.+11:10Lit because the light is not in him. ME (see UBSHS [Jn], 359). Cf Jn 14:15-20; Eph 5:8; 1 Th 5:5.+11:11Lit These things he said, and after this he said. Cf TEV.+11:11Lit I am going so that I may.... Cf NLT, TEV.+11:13Lit the sleep of slumber. ME (see L-N, 23.66). Cf NIV, TEV.+11:13Lit was speaking about. ME. Cf NCV, NIV, TEV.+11:16Lit the one called Didymus. ME(H)/IT (see BDAG, 242, sv Δίδυμος; UBSHS [Jn], 361).+11:16Lit too. Following the lead of the UBSHS in translation here (see UBSHS [Jn], 361). Cf TEV.+11:17Many translations leave the impression that at this point Jesus is making a discovery about how long Lazarus has been dead. εὑρίσκω ( heuriskō), however, can also simply mean to “come upon” or “find” at the end of a search (cf v 16—“let us go to him”) (see ANLEX, 180, sv 1, 2; BDAG, 411, sv 1; BSL, Jn 11:17, sv). The text literally reads: “When Jesus came, he found/came upon him [Lazarus] having already been in the tomb four days.” Vv 3-4 and 11 would seem to favor this meaning rather than “discovery.” This is reflected in the translation.+11:18Lit about fifteen stadia. ME(H). Cf ESV, HCSB, ISV, NASB, NKJV, NRSV, RSV.+11:19Lit the Jews. ME(H) (see NET Bible Notes, Jn 11:15). Cf CJB, TEV.+11:25Or I myself am.+11:26Lit will not die into the age/for eternity. Jesus is referring to deliverance from the Second Death, which includes bodily resurrection (see translation and notes at Jn 3:16-18; UBSHS [Jn], 89, 367). Cf Jn 3:16-20, 3:31-36, 5:19-29, 8:51-52; Rm 8:9-11, 18-25; Re 2:11, 20:1-14, 21:7-8.+11:27Lit she.+11:28Lit she.+11:28Cf NLT.+11:29Lit that woman.+11:29Lit and was coming/going to him, or and began going to him. Cf TEV.+11:31Lit the Jews. ME(H) (see note at Jn 1:19).+11:31Lit The Jews who were with her in the house and comforting her. Cf NLT.+11:31Lit Mary.+11:33Lit the Jews. ME(H) (see note at Jn 1:19).+11:33Lit he snorted angrily in his spirit and shook/stirred himself. ME (see ANLEX, 146, sv ἐμβριμάομαι 2; L-N, 25.56; NAC [Jn], 371; NET Bible Notes, Jn 11:33; UBSHS [Jn], 371). ἐμβριμάομαι ( embrimaomai) here refers to a strong display of angry emotion.+11:36Lit the Jews. ME(H) (see note at Jn 1:19).+11:37Lit Surely this man, who opened the eyes of the blind, was able to make it that also this man should not die, couldn’t he? The mismatch in languages here is obvious. Cf ISV, NET, NLT, TEV.+11:39Lit Jesus.+11:39Lit he is already giving off a stench. ME. Cf CJB, NCV, NET, NIV, NLT, TEV.+11:39Lit because it is the fourth day. ME. Cf CJB, ISV, NCV, NET, NLT, TEV.+11:41Or into heaven.+11:41In this context, ἀκούω ( akouō) has the same meaning as it has at Jn 9:31 (see translation and notes there; BDAG, 38, sv 5). Cf JB.+11:45Lit Jews. ME(H) (see note at Jn 1:19).+11:45Lit he.+11:48Or city. Lit place.+11:48Or nation.+11:51Lit he.+11:52IT (see note at the end of this verse). Cf NET.+11:52Lit gather together into one. ME. Cf HCSB, NLT, TEV.+11:52Cf Jn 10:16; Eph 2:11-3:13.+11:53Lit him.+11:55Lit prior to the Passover. Cf TEV.+11:55Lit to purify themselves. ME(OTB)/IT (see BDAG, 12, sv ἁγνίζω a; NET Bible Notes, Jn 11:55; UBSHS [Jn], 384). Cf Nu 9:4-11.+11:57Lit he.+12:3Or half a liter, or three fourths of a pound. Lit a pound (a Roman pound). Following the lead of the UBSHS in translation here (see UBSHS [Jn], 388). Cf CJB.+12:5Lit three hundred denarii. ME(H) (see NET Bible Notes, Jn 12:5). Cf CJB, NCV, NIV, NLT, TEV.+12:5Lit Why was this ointment not sold for three hundred denarii and given to the poor? ME. Cf CJB, NCV, NIV, NLT.+12:6Lit he was carrying away the things being put into [it]. ME (see BDAG, 171, sv βαστάζω; UBSHS [Jn], 391). Cf NIV, TEV.+12:7Lit saved/kept it.+12:8Lit Me you do not have always.+12:9Or a large crowd of Judeans, or a large number of people. ME(H) (see translation and notes at Jn 1:19; NET Bible Notes, Jn 12:9). “Jews” here may not be referring only to the people of Judea (see vv 55-57 above).+12:9Lit he.+12:9Lit there. Cf NCV, TEV.+12:11Lit for because of him. Cf HCSB, ISV.+12:11Lit the Jews. ME(H) (see translation and notes at Jn 1:19).+12:13Lit Hosanna. ME(H) (see translation and notes at Mt 21:9).+12:15Lit daughter. ME(I/F) (see L-N, 11.66; NET Bible Notes, Mt 21:5). Cf NCV, NET, NLT, TEV.+12:15Zc 9:9+12:16Lit at the first. ME (see UBSHS [Jn], 399). The meaning here is when the events first happened. Cf NEB, NET, NLT, TEV.+12:16See note at Jn 7:39. The meaning is the same here.+12:16Lit that these things they did to him. “They” is interpreted as an indefinite plural (for a discussion of indefinite plurals, see Wallace, Grammar, 402-3). This is reflected in the translation. Cf ESV, NET, NLT, NRSV, RSV.+12:17Lit him.+12:17Lit were bearing witness. ME (see UBSHS [Jn], 400). Cf NEB.+12:19Lit You see that you are benefitting nothing. ME (see L-N, 68.33; UBSHS [Jn], 401). Cf CJB, NIV.+12:19Lit has gone after. ME (see BDAG, 102, sv ἀπέρχομαι 6). Cf NCV, TEV.+12:20Or Gentile proselytes. Lit Greeks. ME(H) (see NAC [Jn], 47; UBSHS [Jn], 403). Cf Ac 10.+12:21Cf Is 9:1; Mt 4:15-16.+12:22Lit Andrew and Philip.+12:23Lit hour.+12:23Cf Heb 12:2.+12:23See note at Jn 7:39. Cf Is 49:5-6, 55:5, 61:6; Mt 28:18-20; Eph 1:20-23; Re 21:26.+12:24Lit remains alone. ME. Cf NCV, NIV.+12:25Lit The one who loves. ME (see notes at Mt 10:37; Lk 14:26; 1 Co 16:22; UBSHS [Jn], 406).+12:25Lit The one who hates. ME (see notes at Mt 10:37; Lk 14:26; 1 Co 16:22; UBSHS [Jn], 406).+12:25Cf Mt 10:34-39, 16:24-27; Mk 8:34-38; Lk 9:23-26, 14:25-32; Jn 10:17.+12:26Cf 1 Co 4:5; 2 Co 11:23-33.+12:27Ps 6:3 (6:4 in the LXX)+12:27Lit and [so] what.+12:27Lit say. Prayer is obviously the meaning here. Cf NLT.+12:27Ps 6:4 (6:5 in the LXX)+12:27Lit save me from his hour ME/IT (see UBSHS [Jn], 408). Cf NCV, TEV. ὥρα ( hōra) here means a time appointed according to God’s plan (see ANLEX, 415, sv 2; translation and notes at Jn 3:15, 7:6).+12:27Lit But for this reason I came to this hour. ME/IT (see UBSHS [Jn], 408). Cf NCV, TEV.+12:28Cf Is 42:8-9.+12:28Cf Ex 9:16, 14:4-18, 23:20, 33:2; Ps 29:2; Ps 115:1; Eph 1:5.+12:28Cf Ex 9:16, 14:4-18, 23:20, 33:2; Is 42:8-9, 48:11; Jn 12:30-31 below; Rm 8:15, 8:24, 9:4; Ga 4:5.+12:29Cf Re 10:1-7.+12:30Lit this voice has happened. ME (see UBSHS [Jn], 411).+12:31Lit Now is judgment of this world. ME (see UBSHS [Jn], 411). Cf CJB, ISV, NIV, NLT, TEV.+12:31Cf Jn 3:18-20. Cf also Rm 3:21-26.+12:31Lit Now the ruler of this world will be driven out. The statement here is proleptic in nature (ie, a future act is depicted as if presently accomplished) to communicate the certainty of a future action or event (see NET Bible Notes, Jn 12:31; cf, eg, the proleptic aorist at Jn 13:31). Here Jesus may be comparing Satan and the kingdom of darkness with the wicked nations expelled from the land under Joshua (cf Jos 24:12, 18; Jg 6:9; Ps 44:2, 78:55, 79:9). Because of what Jesus, the greater Moses/greater Joshua, did at the first coming, the deliverance of human beings from the grip of the powers of the air (cf, eg, Mt 28:18; Eph 1:19-23), and his ultimate demise at the Second Coming, is as good as done, even though it technically awaits the future from the time of the speaker (cf Is 24:21;1 Jn 5:19; Re 20).+12:32Cf Jn 3:14, 8:28.+12:32Cf Mt 28:18-20; Jn 3:35, 13:3, 17:2, 17:15; Ac 2:36; Rm 14:9, 16:19; 1 Co 8:4-7; Eph 1:9-10; Php 2:9-10; Col 2:9-15; Heb 1:2, 2:8; 1 Pt 3:22; 1 Jn 5:19; Re 20.+12:33Lit the kind of death he was destined to die. ME. Cf TEV.+12:34Lit from the Law. ME. Cf HCSB, NLT, TEV. In certain contexts, νόμος ( nomos) doesn’t just refer to the Torah, but to the Hebrew Scriptures as a whole (see L-N, 33.56). This is the case at Jn 10:34 (see translation and notes there), and is most likely the case here as well (see UBSHS [Jn], 413). Cf Ps 2, 9, 16, 89, Ps 110; Is 9:7, Eze 37:25, Da 7:18-27; Re 1:5.+12:34Or that the Messiah will live forever. Cf GeCL; BDAG, 631, sv μένω 2.a.+12:34Cf Ps 2, 9, 16, 89, Ps 110; Is 9:7, Eze 37:25, Dn 7:18-27; Re 1:5.+12:35Cf Ps 69:22-23; Is 6:10, 29:10; Ro 11:7-10.+12:36Lit may become sons of light. ME(I/F) (see translation and notes at 1 Th 5:5; UBSHS [Jn], 415).+12:36Cf Rm 13:8-14; Eph 5:7-14; 1 Th 5:4-11; 1 Jn 1:5-10, 2:7-11.+12:36Lit These things spoke Jesus. Cf ESV, ISV, NET, NRSV.+12:37Lit he.+12:37Lit in their presence, or before them. ME (see UBSHS [Jn], 417).+12:37Cf Ex 7:3-4; Rm 11:25.+12:38Is 53:2 identifies the “arm of the Lord” with the Messiah himself: “For he grew up before him like a young plant...” (Is 53:2 [ESV], italics mine).+12:38Is 53:1+12:39Lit This is the reason why they were unable to believe, namely, that Isaiah said again. ME (see UBSHS [Jn], 417). Cf CJB, NAB.+12:40See notes at Mt 13:12-15; Mk 3:5). Cf Rm 9:18.+12:40Lit with the heart. ME(OTB/H) (see note at Mk 3:5). Cf TEV.+12:40Is 6:10. Cf Mt 13:13-17; Mk 4:10-12.+12:41Cf NET, NLT. I agree with the NET Bible Notes here, namely, that this is most likely referring to Isaiah’s vision in Is 6:1-7 (see NET Bible Notes, Jn 12:41). If so, then John’s point here is that Isaiah had already seen the pre-incarnate Word, the Lord’s powerful arm (cf Is 40:5-11, 53:1-2), in glory at the Father’s right hand (cf Jn 17:5), as part of his earlier vision (about whom he “spoke” in Is 6), and therefore was shocked when he later saw, in a subsequent vision, the same person in a state of lowliness and humiliation, being rejected by most of the nation (Is 53 above).+12:41Cf Is 6:1-7. Cf also Is 40:5-11 (note especially the use of the “arm of the Lord” in v 10), 52:13-53:12; Lk 24:26; 1 Pt 1:11.+12:41Lit These things Isaiah said because he saw the glory of him and spoke about him. Cf Is 6:1-7. “These things” refers to the contents of vv 38-40, with v 38 (most likely) primarily in view (though some sense of surprise and shock is probably implied by the statements of v 40 as well [see Is 6:11]). “He saw” means prior to the vision of Is 53 referenced in v 38 (though the message “heard” by Isaiah in Is 6:8-13 comes after the description of the vision in 6:1-7, it is part of the same prophetic experience). “Of him” refers to the pre-incarnate Word (see note at “Messiah” above). Though coordination is used here in the text, a subordinate idea of temporal nature seems to be implied (cf BDAG, 494, sv καί 1.b.γ.), since the glory of the previous vision is the primary grounds for the shock expressed in the Is 53 vision. This interpretation is reflected in the translation above.+12:44Cf Mt 10:40.+12:47Cf Dt 18:15-22; Ac 3:22-23.+12:48Cf Jr 1:9-10.+12:50This is a more literal rendering of ζωὴ αἰώνιός ( zōē aiōnios), which most English translations render as “eternal life.” See UBSHS (Jn), 88.+13:1Lit Before the festival of the Passover. Cf NCV, NIV, NLT, TEV.+13:1Lit hour.+13:1See note at Jn 3:16. The same applies here. Cf NIV; BDAG, 6, sv ἀγαπάω 3.+13:2Lit that he betray him. ME. Cf TEV.+13:3Lit in his hands. ME(I/F) (see L-N, 76.3; NET Bible Notes, Jn 3:35). Cf CJB, NCV, NLT, TEV.+13:4Cf Jn 10:11, 17-18.+13:4Cf Mt 20:25-28; 1 Co 8:9; Php 2:5-11.+13:8Cf NLT, JB.+13:8Lit you don’t have a share with me. ME(OTB) (cf, eg, the LXX at Dt 10:9, 12:12, 14:27-29, 18:1; Jsh 17:14; 2 Sm 20:1; cf also Rm 8:17; 1 Co 6:9-11; Ga 5:21; Eph 1:11-14, 5:5; Col 3:24; Heb 2:10-11). Cf NAB.+13:10Lit he is clean all over/wholly. The feet have already been stated as the exception, and therefore the meaning here is all the other parts of the body beside the feet (which were exposed to the dust because sandals were the common form of footwear). Cf UBSHS (Jn), 433.+13:11Lit he.+13:12Lit he.+13:16Or sent one, or messenger.+13:16Or sent.+13:18Lit But [this is] so that the Scripture may be fulfilled. Cf HCSB, ISV, TEV.+13:18Lit The one. ME(OTB/H)/IT (see note at Mt 26:23).+13:18Lit has lifted up his heel against me. ME(I/F) (see L-N, 39.3). Cf NCV, NET, NLT, TEV.+13:18Ps 41:9+13:19Or that I myself am he. Cf Dt 18:15-22; Is 41:21-24, 46:8-10; Jn 8:24.+13:20Lit whom I send. ME. Cf NLT.+13:20Cf Mt 10:40.+13:20Cf Mt 10:40; Ac 9:4.+13:21Lit he was in anguish in spirit.+13:23Cf CJB; UBSHS (Jn), 441.+13:23Lit at the bosom of Jesus. ME(I/H) (see translation and notes at Lk 16:22; NET Bible Notes, 13:23). Cf NET.+13:24Lit he.+13:25Lit that one.+13:26Lit The one. ME(OTB/H)/IT (see note at Mt 26:23).+13:27IT (see v 30). Cf NRSV.+13:28Lit he.+13:30Lit he.+13:31Lit he.+13:31Lit Now. ME. Cf NLT.+13:31Lit in/through. Translating ἐν ( en) here as a “marker of an experiencer of an event” ( L-N, 90.56). The meaning here is similar to Jn 9:3 and Rm 9:17, and most likely refers to the cross (cf, eg, Jn 10:17, 21:9; Rm 8:17; Php 2:8-9, 3:10-11).+13:31Or God’s glory will most certainly be displayed in him. Lit God will certainly be glorified in/through him. Cf TEV; CJB, NASB, NCV, NET, NIV at Is 49:3; translation and notes at Jn 9:3, 11:4, and Rm 9:17. Cf also Jn 21:19. “Through him” is most likely a reference to the crucifixion, by which Jesus brings glory/honor to God (cf Jn 21:19), after which God exalts the Son in glory (cf, eg, Rm 8:17; Php 2:8-9, 3:10-11).+13:32Or If God’s glory is displayed in him. Cf Is 44:23, 49:3.+13:32Or right away. Cf JB.+13:32Cf Lv 23:9-11; Ps 110:1; Mt 16:21, 17:23, 20:19; Lk 9:22, 18:33, 24:7-46; Jn 2:19, 20:17; 1 Co 15:4.+13:33Lit the Jews. ME(H) (see note at Jn 1:19). Cf NET, NLT, TEV.+13:34Demonstrations/expressions of servant love are in view here, since “the world” (v 35) makes conclusions about Jesus’ disciples based on the actions it observes.+13:36Cf Jn 12:26, 21:19.+14:1Or You are putting your faith in God.+14:2Cf Dt 12:5, 26:15; 1 Ki 6:5-6; 2 Ch 29:6, 30:27; Ps 2:4, 26:8, 33:13-14, 46:4, 68:5; Is 54:11-17, 63:15, 65:17-25, 66:1; Ezk 40-41; Mt 5:334-35, 6:9; Jn 1:18, 2:16, 3:13, 14:23; Ga 4:26-27; Col 3:1; Php 3:20; Heb 8:1-5, 13:14; Re 3:12, 21:1-4.+14:3Cf 1 Th 4:13-18.+14:3καὶ ὑμεῖς ( kai humeis) is in P2 (see BART Display and LDGNT), and therefore an intensive pronoun has been used to give extra focus to this element.+14:4Cf Rm 3:25, 5:2; Eph 2:18, 3:12; Heb 4:14-16, 10:19-22.+14:6Or I myself am.+14:6Cf Rm 3:25, 5:2; Eph 2:18, 3:12; Heb 4:14-16, 10:19-22.+14:8Lit and it is sufficient for us. ME. Cf NCV, TEV.+14:10Lit that I am in. ME (see translation and notes at Jn 10:38; UBSHS [Jn], 460). Cf CJB.+14:11Lit because of. ME (see UBSHS [Jn], 461; translation and notes at Jn 10:38). Cf JB; NIV.+14:12The performance of similar kinds of miracles, rather than the exact same miracles, is obviously the meaning here (see UBSHS [Jn], 461).+14:12A going back/return is meant here (cf ISV, NCV, NLT at Jn 7:33, 13:1). Cf Jn 1:18, 17:5.+14:13Or so that the Father’s glory may be displayed in/through the Son. See translation and notes at Jn 13:31.+14:14Cf 1 Jn 5:14.+14:16Lit another advocate/pleader/encourager/strengthener/one called alongside to help. ME/IT (see ANLEX, 296, sv παράκλητος 1, 2; BSL, Jn 14:6, sv παράκλητος; M-M, #3875; translation and notes at 2 Co 1:4 [the word used here (παράκλητος [ paraklētos])] is part of the same cognate family as παρακαλέω [ parakaleō] and παράκλησις [ paraklēsis], which are used in 2 Co 1).+14:17Or know. Cf ISV, NLT.+14:17Cf Ac 2:13.+14:17Or know.+14:19Cf Ac 10:41.+14:19Cf Ro 6:5-11, 8:1-39; Ga 2:20; Heb 2:5-18. The new life begins with the deposit/firstfruits of the Spirit on the inside (cf, eg, Rm 8:22; Ga 2:20; Eph 1:13-14; 2 Co 4:16-18), and culminates in bodily resurrection at the Second Coming (Rm 8:23; 1 Co 15:23).+14:20Or In/at that day. Cf NET. Though “in that day” is often used in the NT in reference to the Day of the Lord/Second Coming (cf, eg, Mt 7:22, 26:29; 1 Th 5:2), in this context (where the Messiah is described as being “seen” only by his disciples; cf, eg, Re 1:7), ἐκεῖνος ( ekeinos) is most likely pointing anaphorically (cf, eg, Lk 23:7; Jn 11:53, 20:19) to the time mentioned in vv 14-19 (see BDAG, sv ἡμέρα 4.a.; L-N, 67.142; NET Bible Notes, Jn 14:20; UBSHS [Jn], 470).+14:20Lit that I am in. ME (see translation and notes at Jn 10:38). Cf CJB.+14:21Lit will manifest myself to him. ME(OTB) (see NAC [Jn], 128; Vincent, Word Studies, 2:245; UBSHS [Jn], 471; cf the MT and LXX at Ex 33:13-23). Cf Jn 1:14; Lk 24:36-42; 2 Co 3:12-18.+14:23Or message, or word.+14:23Or come. Drawing from BDAG in translation here (see BDAG, 394, sv ἔρχομαι 4.b.β.).+14:23Or with. Cf ISV.+14:23Cf Eph 3:17; Col 3:16-17; 1Jn 2:24; Re 3:20.+14:24Or word, or message.+14:27Cf Rm 5:1; Eph 2:11-22.+14:27Lit Not as the world gives do I give to you. ME/IT (see UBSHS [Jn], 474).+14:30Lit I will no longer speak with you many things/much. ME (see UBSHS [Jn], 475). Cf NLT.+14:30Or Over me he has no power. Lit In me he has nothing. ME(OTB) (see UBSHS [Jn], 476). Cf CJB, ESV, HCSB, ISV, LEB, NCV, NET, NIV, NLT, NRSV, RSV.+14:30Cf Jb 1-2; Dn 9:26 (LXX); Zc 3:1-5.+14:31Lit But so that the world may know that I love the Father, indeed just as the Father commanded me, so I do.+15:3Or because of the word/message I have spoken to you. Cf NLT, TEV.+15:4Lit Dwell/remain/abide/continue in me. ME (see translation and notes at Jn 6:56, 10:38, 14:10, 14:20). Cf CJB, TEV; TEV at 1 Jn 4:15-16.+15:4Cf Jn 6:56; Rm 6:10; Eph 3:16-17; Col 3:16; Jm 4:8; 1 Jn 1:3; Re 3:20.+15:4Lit of itself/on its own, unless/except/if it doesn’t remain. Cf NCV, NIV.+15:4Lit remains in, or dwell in, continues in. ME. Attachment alone isn’t the meaning here; drawing on the life of the vine is also in view (see Jn 6:53-56). Cf NET Bible Notes, Jn 15:4.+15:5Cf Jn 15:2; Lk 8:15; Rm 5:3-5, 8:16-17; Php 3:10-11.+15:5Cf Jn 6:63.+15:7Lit whatever you will/wish/purpose/want/intend. ME.+15:8Or This is how my Father will receive honor and glory. See note at Jn 13:31.+15:8Cf 2 Co 1:8-10; Col 2:24.+15:11Lit so that my joy may be in you. ME (see UBSHS [Jn], 486).+15:11Lit that your joy may be made full/complete. ME (see UBSHS [Jn], 486).+15:13Cf Jn 10:11-15.+15:15Lit the slave does not know what his master does. ME (see UBSHS [Jn], 488). Cf Phps, NLT. The statement that follows makes it clear what the intended meaning is here.+15:16Cf Is 5:1-7, 27:1-6, 37:1, 49:1-6; Ac 13:47.+15:16Cf Rm 1:5; 1 Co 3:13.+15:20Lit the word which I told you. ME. Cf CJB, NCV, NET, NLT, TEV.+15:20Or word, or message.+15:22Cf Dt 18:18-19; Ac 3:22-23.+15:22Lit would not have sin. ME (see note at Jn 9:41). The same applies here. Cf CJB, ESV, NCV, NET, NIV, NLT, TEV.+15:24Lit among them. The meaning of ἐν αὐτοῖς ( en autois) here approximates the meaning of ἔμπροσθεν αὐτῶν ( emprosthen autō) at Jn 12:37 (see translation and notes there). Cf BDAG, 326, sv ἐν 1.e. Cf also the last part of the verse: “But now they have seen...”.+15:24Cf Dt 18:18-19, 34:10-12; Jn 9:32; Ac 2:22, 3:22-23.+15:24Lit would not have sin. ME (see notes at Jn 9:41 and v 22 above).+15:25Lit law. ME (see note at Jn 12:34).+15:25Drawing from BDAG in translation here (see BDAG, 266, sv δωρεάν 2). The point here is not that they hated Jesus for no reason (they had their own reasons! cf, eg, Jn 9:16, 10:32), but for no valid reason (see L-N, 89.20).+15:25Ps 35:19 or 69:4+15:26Lit When the advocate/pleader/encourager/strengthener/one called alongside to help. ME/IT (see note at Jn 14:15).+15:26Cf Re 1:4, 4:5, 5:6.+15:27Here Jesus is underscoring the credibility of the apostles as first-hand witnesses. Cf Ac 10:34-43.+15:27Cf Ac 10:34-43.+15:27Cf Lk 1:1-4.+16:1Or from stumbling, or from taking offense.+16:2Lit hour.+16:4Lit when their hour comes. ME (see UBSHS [Jn], 550). Cf CJB, NET, NLT.+16:5Lit now. ME (see translation and notes at Jn 13:31). Cf the NLT at Jn 13:31.+16:5Lit and yet none of you asks me, “Where are you going?” Following the lead of the NLT and TEV (cf also UBSHS [Jn], 502) in the use of indirect discourse in translation here.+16:6Lit because these things I have spoken to you. Cf NLT.+16:7Or Advocate, or Pleader, or Encourager, or Strengthener. See note at Jn 14:15.+16:8Or sin. See notes at Jn 9:41 and 15:22.+16:8Or concerning God’s justice, or concerning what is right. Lit concerning righteousness/innocence/vindication/justice/what is right. For a brief summary of the challenges involved in interpreting (and thus translating) this phrase, see UBSHS (Jn), 503-4. Passages likes Ac 2:22-36 are what cause me to lean in favor the interpretation reflected in the text. Note that in Ac 2:36, the listeners “were cut to the heart” immediately following the announcement of the Messiah’s vindication: “God has made him both Lord and Christ, this Jesus whom you crucified” (ESV). Cf 1 Ti 3:16. If this interpretation is correct, it means that the Holy Spirit will confirm and bring conviction to people that Jesus is in fact alive and has been raised from the dead, even though people don’t see him now because of his exaltation to the right hand of the Father.+16:8Lit concerning [God’s] judgment. ME/IT (see UBSHS [Jn], 503-4). Cf Brc; NLT; TEV. Cf, Rm 2:1-5, 16; Ac 10:42, 17:31; Col 3:6; 1 Th 1:10.+16:9Lit they. This is an indefinite plural. Cf CJB, NIV.+16:11Cf Is 24:21-22; Mt 25:41; Jn 8:44; Re 19:20, 20:10-15.+16:12Lit you cannot bear it now. ME. Cf NCV, NEB, TEV.+16:13Lit when that one. ἐκεῖνος ( ekeinos) is pointing back anaphorically to the Helper.+16:13Or into, or with respect to. While it is certainly possible that ὁδηγέω ( hodēgeō) is causing ἐν ( en) to shed its stativity here (see L-N, 84.22; Wallace, Grammar, 359; cf Re 7:17, where ἐπὶ [ epi] is used; the Byzantine Textform has εἰς [ eis] here), the LSGNT Notes categorize this as a preposition of reference (see LSGNT Notes, Jn 16:13). Sphere (see L-N, 83.13) is also conceivable here, with the truth (ie, of the gospel; see BDAG, sv ἀλήθεια 2.b.) establishing the parameters of the Spirit’s guidance (ie, the Spirit’s leadership never goes outside the truth of the gospel).+16:13ὅσα ἀκούσει ( hosa akousei) is in P2 (see BART Display and LDGNT), and therefore an adverb has been used to give extra focus to this element. Cf CJB, NCV, NIV.+16:13Cf 1 Co 1:6-10; Eph 1:17-19.+16:14Lit will receive from what is mine. ME (see NAC [Jn], 170; UBSHS [Jn], 507-8). Cf NCV, TEV.+16:15Lit mine. ME (see translation and notes at Jn 3:35; UBSHS [Jn], 507). Cf Brc at Mt 20:23; TEV at Jn 10:29. The meaning here is similar to Jn 3:35 and Jn 10:27-29 (see esp the TEV at Jn 10:29). Cf also Jn 6:37-40, 17:6-11. An ME has been chosen here in order to allow for the focal element (see following note) to be placed in clause-final.+16:15Jn 3:35, 6:37-40, 10:27-29,17:6-11.+16:15Cf Jn 3:35, 10:1-30, 14:18, 17:1-15.+16:21Lit hour.+16:22Cf Is 66:14; Jn 20:20.+16:23Lit in that day. See note at Jn 14:20. Cf NET. The same applies here. Cf Jn 20:20.+16:24Lit that your joy may be complete. ME (see note at Jn 15:11).+16:25Lit an hour.+16:25Cf Lk 24:25-27, 44-49; Ac 1:1-5.+16:26Lit In that day, or At that time. See note at Jn 14:20. Cf NET, TEV.+16:26Lit I am not saying to you that I myself will ask the Father for you/on your behalf. ME (see UBSHS [Jn], 517). Cf NCV. ἐγὼ ( egō) is in P2 (see BART Display and LDGNT), and therefore an intensive pronoun has been used to give extra focus to this element within the ME.+16:27For the meaning of φιλέω ( phileō) here, see translation and notes at Mt 10:37 and 1 Co 16:22. Cf Lk 22:28-30; Jn 6:66-69.+16:27Cf Lk 22:28-30; Jn 6:66-69.+16:29Cf ESV, HSCB, RSV.+16:30Lit and you have no need that anyone question you. ME (see UBSHS [Jn], 520). Cf Mt 17:25. Jn 16:19.+16:31Lit You believe now/at last. ME. Cf NLT.+16:31Or You believe at last! “Whether a question or a statement, the impact of Jesus’ words is to cast doubt on the strength of the disciples’ faith” ( UBSHS [Jn], 520).+16:32Lit behold. EFE (see note at Mt 2:9).+16:32Lit hour.+16:33Cf Re 3:21.+17:1Or heaven.+17:1Lit the hour. ME. ὥρα ( hōra) here means a time appointed according to God’s plan (see ANLEX, 415, sv 2; cf translation and notes at Jn 3:15, 7:6 [ὥρα isn’t used in these places, but the idea is the same]).+17:1Or Display the glory of your Son, or Clothe and exalt in glory your Son. Cf Is 49:1-7 (LXX). See notes at Jn 5:41-44, 7:18, 7:39, 13:31. Cf also Jn 5:23, 8:49.+17:1Or so that your Son may display your glory. See notes at Jn 13:31.+17:2Lit all flesh. Translated according to “Flesh” M (see FBT Chart). Cf CJB, ISV, NET, TEV.+17:2This is a more literal rendering of ζωὴν αἰώνιον ( zōēn aiōnion), which most English translations render as “eternal life.” See UBSHS (Jn), 88.+17:3This is a more literal rendering of ζωὴ αἰώνιος ( zōē aiōnios), which most English translations render as “eternal life.” See UBSHS (Jn), 88.+17:3Cf Jr 31:31-34.+17:3Cf 1 Th 1:9-10.+17:6Lit I have manifested your name. ME(OTB) (see translation and notes at Jn 14:21-22; cf also UBSHS [Jn], 529). The same verb is used here. Cf Ex 33:17-23.+17:6Or to the men.+17:6Cf Ex 23:21, 33:12-23; Is 8:18; Jn 1:14-18.+17:8Or words, or message.+17:8Cf Jn 7:16; Jd 3.+17:8Or acknowledged, or knew, or understood.+17:10Lit the things that are mine. ME. Maintaining consistency in translation with Jn 16:15 (see translation and notes there). τὰ ἐμὰ πάντα σά ( ta ema panta sa) is in P2 (see BART Display), and has therefore been placed in clause-final for extra focus.+17:10Or and I will surely receive honor and glory through/because of them. See notes at Jn 13:13, 16:14. Cf John 1:14, 2:11, 17:5. The perfect tense is functioning proleptically here (see Robertson, Grammar, 898; cf also note at Jn 17:22 below). Cf Is 49:1-6 (LXX); Ac 13:47.+17:11Or keep, or protect.+17:11Lit just as we. Cf NCV, TEV.+17:11Cf Jn 10:1-30.+17:12Lit While I was with them. ME. Cf NLT.+17:12Lit the son of destruction. ME(I/F) (see NET Bible Notes, Jn 17:12). Cf ISV, NET, NIV, NLT.+17:13Lit I speak. The context indicates that the speaking here is prayer. Cf NCV; UBSHS (Jn), 537.+17:13Lit so that they may have my joy completed/fulfilled/filled in themselves. ME (see translation and notes at Jn 15:11). Cf NCV, TEV.+17:14Or message, or word.+17:14Or has hated. The aorist indicative has been interpreted as functioning proleptically. This is reflected in the translation. Cf Lk 22:35-36; Jn 15:18-25, 16:1-4.+17:14Cf Mt 10:13-15.+17:17Lit sanctify them. ME/IT (see Timothy Miller, “Paul’s Priestly Mission and Salvation from the Coming Wrath: A Missiological Probe of Romans 15:16 and the Question of Divine Anger through the Worldview of Leviticus” [PhD diss., Columbia International University, 2024]).+17:17Cf 2 Ti 2:20-21.+17:17Or word, or message.+17:17Cf Ps 119:142.+17:18Or have sent. Cf NLT.+17:18Cf Jn 20:21.+17:19Or And on their behalf.+17:19Lit sanctify myself. ME/IT (see Timothy Miller, “Paul’s Priestly Mission and Salvation from the Coming Wrath: A Missiological Probe of Romans 15:16 and the Question of Divine Anger through the Worldview of Leviticus” [PhD diss., Columbia International University, 2024]).+17:19Lit be sanctified. ME/IT (see Timothy Miller, “Paul’s Priestly Mission and Salvation from the Coming Wrath: A Missiological Probe of Romans 15:16 and the Question of Divine Anger through the Worldview of Leviticus” [PhD diss., Columbia International University, 2024]).+17:20Or word, or teaching.+17:20Lit because of the message of them.+17:21Lit just as you, Father, are in me. ME (see note at Jn 10:38). Cf CJB.+17:22The perfect indicative is functioning proleptically here (cf Jn 7:39, 13:31, 17:5), since those to whom Jesus is referring aren’t even believers yet. While the UBSHS claims that the verbs in this section are best understood from the perspective of the time that John’s gospel was written (rather than from Jesus’ own vantage point; see, UBSHS [Jn], 540-1), this is most likely not the case, since such would have sounded absurd even to those who initially read John’s gospel, seeing that they themselves lived after the time in history in which this prayer is portrayed by John as being offered. Here Jesus is talking either about the giving of the Spirit (most likely; cf, eg, Jn 14-16; 2 Co 3; Eph 4:3; 1 Th 4:8), or to the glorified state (cf, eg, Rm 8:30). Either way, the event is future to the time of the speaker, and therefore the verb is functioning proleptically. The perfect tense encodes both perfective and imperfective aspect, and here may be functioning along the same lines as ἤγγικεν ( ēggiken) at Mt 3:2 (see VCC, Mt 3:2; cf also 1 Co 2:7, as well as the translation and notes at Rm 8:28-30). “As planned” is included in translation here to represent the function of the perfective aspect of the perfective/imperfective hybrid. Though proleptic/prophetic perfects typically occur in the apodosis of an implicit or explicit conditional clause (Wallace, Grammar, 581), this is not always the case (see Robertson, Grammar, 898; Jn 17:22, in fact, is cited as a specific example).+17:22Lit have given. See note at “planned” above. The same holds true here.+17:22Cf Rm 8:26-20; 1 Co 2:7; Eph 4:3; Heb 2.+17:22Lit just as we. Cf NCV, TEV.+17:23Lit and have loved them. ME(OTB) (see NET Bible Notes, Ml 1:2-3; translation and notes at Rm 9:13). Cf Dt 7:7, 10:15; Lk 9:35; Ac 15:14; Rm 8:26-20; Eph 1:4; Col 3:12; 1 Th 1:4; 2 Th 2:13; 1 Pt 1:19-20; Re 17:14. Choice is clearly included in the intended meaning here. Even so, we should be careful to refrain from making unwarranted conclusions about the mechanics involved in the interaction between human will and divine sovereignty, since this text doesn’t say anything about these things (see notes at Rm 8:29).+17:24Maintaining consistency in translation with v 22 (see translation and notes there).+17:24Cf 1 Pt 1:19-20.+17:25Or has not known. The verbs in this verse are interpreted as functioning gnomically. This is reflected in the translation. Cf ESV, LEB, NCV, NET, NIV, NLT, NRSV, TEV.+17:26Cf Ex 23:20-22, 34:6-7; Jud 13:1-25.+17:26Lit be. Here εἰμί ( eimi) approximates μένω ( menō) (cf Jn 5:38, 15:7; 1 Jn 2:14, 3:17) and ἐνοικέω ( enoikeō) (cf Col 3:16) in meaning (cf ANLEX, 131, sv εἰμί 4).+17:26Lit the love with which you loved me.+17:26Cf Eph 3:14-19.+18:1Lit went out to the other side of the stream/valley of Kidron. ME/IT (see ANLEX, 227, sv Κεδρών; BDAG, 1082, sv χείμαρροσ/χειμάρρους; UBSHS [Jn], 548). Cf CJB.+18:1Lit where there was a [olive] grove/garden, into which he entered and his disciples. ME. Cf NASB, NCV, NIV.+18:3Lit Judas, therefore, taking the company of soldiers and the Sanhedrin officers from the chief priests and the Pharisees, came there with lanterns and torches and weapons. ME. Cf CJB, NIV, NLT, TEV. See also UBSHS (Jn), 550. The mismatch in languages here is obvious.+18:5Or I myself am [he].+18:5Lit he.+18:8Or that I myself am [he].+18:9Lit the word which he said. ME. Cf CJB, TEV.+18:9Jn 17:6, 12+18:14Cf Jn 11:50.+18:17Lit that one.+18:20Lit the Jews. ME(H) (see notes at Jn 1:19). Cf NET.+18:20Lit spoken. Here Jesus is referring to teaching and proclaiming the message (see v 19). Cf ESV, ISV, NRSV, RSV, TEV at Tit 2:1; NCV at v 21 below. He obviously doesn’t mean that he never said anything out of the public eye.+18:21Lit who have heard what I spoke to them. ME (see note at “taught” above). Cf NCV.+18:21Cf Jn 7:32, 45-52.+18:22Lit These things he having said. Cf CJB.+18:22Lit Thus do you answer the high priest? ME (see UBSHS [Jn], 560). Cf Brc, TEV.+18:23Lit If I have spoken wrongly/badly/incorrectly. ME (see UBSHS [Jn], 561). Cf JB. The opposite of speaking “well” (ie, the truth; cf the ISV, NCV, NIV, and NLT in the second part of the verse).+18:23Cf HCSB.+18:23Lit But if well/correctly. ME. Cf ISV, NCV, NIV, NLT.+18:26συγγενὴς οὗ ἀπέκοψεν Πέτρος τὸ ὠτίον ( sungenēs hou apekopsen Petros to ōtion) is in a split focal position is in P2 (see BART Display; LDGNT). The DFE has been italicized for extra focus and emphasis.+18:26σε ( se) is in P2 (see BART Display and LDGNT), and has therefore been italicized for extra focus and emphasis.+18:26Lit with him.+18:28Or residence, or palace. Lit to the Praetorium.+18:28Lit they (see v 31). Cf TEV.+18:28Lit lest they become ritually defiled. ME (see UBSHS [Jn], 565). Cf Brc.+18:31Lit It is not legal for us to kill anyone. ME(H)/IT (see NET Bible Notes, Jn 18:31; UBSHS [Jn], 567). Cf NLT.+18:31Lit the Jews. ME(H) (see note at Jn 1:19). Cf NET.+18:32Lit so that the word of Jesus. ME. Cf CJB, NCV.+18:32Cf Jn 12:33.+18:33Lit summoned Jesus. ME (see UBSHS [Jn], 569).+18:33Lit he.+18:34Lit from yourself. ME. Cf ESV, RSV.+18:35Or nation.+18:36Lit the Jews. ME(H) (see note at Jn 1:19). Cf NET, TEV.+18:37Or listens to, or heeds. Cf Jn 10:16, 27.+18:37Or my voice.+18:38Lit to the Jews. ME(H) (see notes at Jn 1:19). Cf NET.+18:38Lit nothing in him.+18:39Lit one person, or one man. Cf HCSB, NCV, NET, NLT, NIV.+19:2Lit twisting together a victor’s crown out of thorns/thorn plants/thorn branches. ME. Cf TEV.+19:2See note at Mk 15:17.+19:4Lit to them. Cf CJB, TEV.+19:6Lit I don’t find in him a reason. ME. Cf TEV.+19:7Lit the Jews. ME(H) (see note at Jn 1:19).+19:7Lit he must die. ME (OTB) (see Lv 24:16). Cf CJB.+19:11Cf Nu 15:30; Jn 11:45-53.+19:12Or Because of this.+19:12Lit the Jews. ME(H) (see note at Jn 1:19). Cf NET, NLT.+19:12Or you are not a friend of Caesar/the Emperor. ME(H) (see NET Bible Notes, Jn 19:12; UBSHS [Jn], 580). Cf CJB, NLT.+19:13Or Hebrew.+19:14Lit the hour was about the sixth. ME(H). Cf ISV, NCV, NET, NLT, NRSV, TEV.+19:14Lit he.+19:14Or to the people. Lit the Jews. ME(H) (see note at Jn 1:19; NET Bible Notes, Jn 19:14). Cf NET.+19:15Or but Caesar.+19:16Lit So then he handed him over to them that he may be crucified. ME (see UBSHS [Jn], 583). Cf GeCL.+19:16Lit they.+19:17Lit he.+19:17Or Hebrew.+19:19Lit It was written. ME. Cf CJB, ESV, NCV, NLT, NIV, NRSV, RSV.+19:20Or Hebrew.+19:21Lit the chief priests of the Jews. ME. Cf ISV.+19:23Lit and the inner garment. Since this garment wasn’t torn, it relates to the first verb only. This has been made clear in translation. Cf NCV, NLT, TEV.+19:23Lit the tunic. ME(H) (see BSL, Jn 19:23, sv χιτών; NET Bible Notes, Jn 19:23).+19:24Lit they.+19:24Ps 22:18+19:27Lit And from that hour. ME. Cf NCV, NIV, NLT.+19:28Or was completed.+19:28Ps 69:21+19:29Cf Ex 12:22; Lv 14:4; Nu 19:6, 18.+19:29Lit they.+19:29Lit his.+19:30Lit had taken. ME (see BDAG, 583, sv λαμβάνω 1; UBSHS [Jn], 592).+19:31Lit the Jews. ME(H) (see note at Jn 1:19).+19:31Lit for the day of that Sabbath was great. ME(H)/IT (see UBSHS [Jn], 594). Cf Gdsp; Phps; NLT.+19:31Lit The Jewish leaders, since it was the day of preparation, so that the bodies would not remain on the cross on the Sabbath, for the day of that Sabbath was great, asked Pilate that he may break their legs and take them away. The mismatch in languages is obvious here. Cf HCSB, NCV, NET, NIV, TEV.+19:32Lit came and broke the legs of the first [man] and of the other who had been crucified with him. Cf NET.+19:34Lit his.+19:35Lit has testified, or has borne witness. ME.+19:35Or true, or faithful, or accurate.+19:36Ex 12:46; Nu 9:12; Ps 34:20+19:37Zc 12:10+19:38Lit the Jews. ME(H) (see note at Jn 1:19).+19:39Lit to him.+19:39Lit also came. Cf NET.+19:39Lit about 100 litrai. ME(H). Cf HCSB, NCV, NET, NIV, NLT.+19:40Lit they. Cf NCV, TEV.+19:40Lit as is the custom of the Jews to prepare for burial. ME. Cf NET, NIV.+19:41Lit he.+19:41Lit a new tomb in which no one had yet been placed. ME. Cf NCV, NLT.+19:42Lit placed Jesus. ME/IT. Cf NET, TEV.+20:1Lit from the tomb. ME/IT. Cf NET, NIV, NCV, TEV.+20:2Lit and came to. ME. Cf NLT.+20:2Lit taken the Lord. ME/IT. Cf NLT.+20:5Lit When he.+20:7Lit his.+20:7Or rolled up.+20:9Lit for him. Cf CJB.+20:9Cf Lk 24:44.+20:10Lit went back to their own. ME (see L-N, 15.92; UBSHS [Jn], 607).+20:13Lit those ones.+20:14Lit She saw Jesus standing there, but she did not know/realize that it was Jesus. Following the suggestion of the UBSHS in translation here (see UBSHS [Jn], 609).+20:15Lit that one/woman.+20:16Or in Hebrew.+20:18Lit and that he had said to her these things. ME. Cf NCV, NET.+20:19Lit and the doors having been locked where the disciples were for fear of the Jews. ME. Cf CJB, ISV, NET, NLT, TEV.+20:19Lit came and stood. ME (see note at Lk 24:36; BDAG, 482, sv ἵστημι 2). Cf NLT.+20:20Cf Jn 16:20-22.+20:22In Greek, the same word is used for spirit, breath, and wind. Cf Ge 2:7; Ezk 37.+20:23Lit Of whomever you forgive the sins. ME(H) (see notes at Mt 16:18-19; BDAG, 565, sv κρατέω 7). Cf NEB.+20:23Lit they.+20:23Cf 1 Ki 22:19-23; Jr 23:18; Dn 4:13-17, 5:24-30; Mt 16:18-19, 18:15-20; Ac 5:1-11, 8:18-23, 13:9-12; 1 Co 5:3-5, 9-13; 2 Co 13:1-4, 10; Re 2-3.+20:23Cf Mt 16:18-19, 18:15-20 (see translation and notes there).+20:25Lit he.+20:29Lit who see and yet believe. ME/IT. Cf HCSB, NLT, TEV.+20:30Lit before the disciples. ME (see note at Jn 12:37).+20:31Lit have been written/recorded.+20:31See note at Jn 3:15.
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