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“We Have in the Presence of the Father an Advocate”
My dear children, these things I am writing to you in order to help you avoid sin. Yet if someone does sin, we have in the presence of the Father an advocate who appeals for help and mercy+ on our behalf: Jesus the Messiah, the Righteous One. He is the atoning sacrifice that calms God’s wrath against us and removes the guilt of our sins, and not only of our sins, but also of those of the whole world.+ This is the test+ that shows+ us whether we truly know God+: If we obey his commandments.+ If someone says, “I know God,+” but God’s+ commandments refuses to obey, he is a liar; in such a person the truth certainly does not dwell. If someone does obey his teaching,+ however, truly in this person the love of God has been made blameless.+ This is the test that shows us that it is God with whom we are in fact united:+ If someone claims that he is from union with God drawing life in fellowship,+ his own conduct must conform more and more to that exemplified by Jesus himself.++
Dear friends, it isn’t a new commandment that I am writing to you, but an ancient one,+ which has been required of+ you from the start. This ancient commandment is the instruction+ you’ve already received.+ On the other hand, it is a new commandment that I am writing to you, in that its full truth is seen in Jesus’ life and example, and in your own lives, too.+ The darkness, after all, is passing away, and the true light is already shining. If someone claims that he is in the light, but hates his brother or sister, he is actually still in the darkness. 10 He who loves his brother or sister dwells in the light, and there is in him nothing that will cause him or others to stumble in sin. 11 He who hates his brother or sister, however, is, I repeat, in the darkness, and in the darkness walks about aimlessly;+ he has no idea where he’s going, because the darkness has blinded his eyes.
12 I’m writing to you, dear children,
because your sins have been forgiven you on account of his name.+
13 I’m writing to you, fathers,
because you’ve come to know the one who has always existed.+
I’m writing to you, young men,
because you’ve had victory over the evil one.
14 I write to you, children,
because you’ve come to know the Father.
I write to you, fathers,
because you’ve come to know the one who has always existed.
I write to you, young men,
because you are strong,
and the word of God dwells in you,
and you have had victory over the evil one.
15 You must not love this rebellious world and its wicked ways.+ If someone does love the world, the love of the Father is not in him. 16 Everything that is in the world, you see, such as+ the sinful cravings of the mortal nature+ and the greedy desires of the eyes+ and the arrogance bred by wealth and possessions,+ comes not from the Father, but from the world. 17 The world, indeed, is doomed to pass away,+ along with+ its evil desires. The person who does the will of God, however, will surely endure forever into the ages.
“It Is, My Dear Children, the Final Hour”
18 It is, my dear children, the final hour, and just as you have learned+ that there is going to come an imposter who will oppose the true Messiah,+ even now there have appeared many opponents of the Messiah.+ This is how we know that it is the final hour. 19 Our fellowship they left, although the truth is that they never really were a part of us. If they had been, you see, they would have remained in fellowship with us. Yet their departure has made it clear that none of them really was a part of us. 20 As for you, however, it is an anointing from the Holy One of which you are in possession, and all of you know him.+ 21 I’m not writing to tell you that you don’t know the truth, but to assure you that you do know it and that no lie ever has its origin in the truth. 22 What greater liar is there than+ someone who denies that Jesus is the Messiah? Such a person is an opponent of the Messiah—anyone who disowns the Father and the Son. 23 If someone disowns the Son, he is rejecting, too, the Father.+ If someone professes allegiance to the Son, it is the Father, too, with whom he is in fellowship.+ 24 As for you, what you have been taught+ from the start must dwell in you.+ If, in you, what you have been taught from the very start does in fact dwell, then you yourselves, too: It is both the Son and the Father in union with whom you will dwell in fellowship.+ 25 And this is what he has promised+ us: The life of the coming age.+
26 These things I am writing to you in regard to those who want to deceive+ you. 27 As for you, the anointing that you received from God+ dwells inside of you, and you aren’t lacking someone to teach you.+ Yes, his anointing teaches you about all things, and is true+ and not counterfeit,+ and so just as it has taught you to do, continually live your lives in union with+ the Messiah.+
“Keep Drawing Life from Union with the Messiah”
28 And so as the situation now stands, my dear children, keep drawing life from union with the Messiah,+ so that when he appears, we may have courage and not shrink back from him in shame when he returns.+ 29 If you know that the Messiah+ is righteous, you may be sure that all who are living according to his righteous example+ have by God’s power been newly conceived.+
+1:1Or That which was from the outset, or That which was from the beginning. Lit That which was from eternity. For a summary of the interpretation of ἀρχή ( archē) represented in the text, see NAC (1, 2, 3 Jn), 51-2. Cf also TDNT, 1:481; NCV.+1:1Lit That which was from eternity/the beginning, which we have heard, which we have seen with our eyes, which we saw and our hands touched, concerning the Word of life. ME (see ESS [1, 2, 3 Jn], 11; NAC [1, 2, 3 Jn], 51; UBSHS [1 Jn], 11; TDNT, 1:481). Cf NET, NCV, NIV, NLT, NRSV, TEV. The neuter gender is used in the relative clauses here, but the primary focus is the Word, ie, Christ himself. For other examples of the neuter being used for personal referents in John’s writings, see translation and notes at Jn 4:22, 6:37, and 17:10.+1:2Or it. The direct object is implied here from the context.+1:2Unless otherwise marked (through superscript—ˢyou), all second person pronouns are the in the second person plural.+1:2Lit and we testify and announce/bring news.+1:2Since Jesus/the Word is the one being referred to here, “life” here is metonymical for the source of life (cf translation and notes at Jn 1:4 and 5:26), referring to “what causes people to live eternally” ( UBSHS [1 Jn], 15). Cf NCV, NLT, and TEV here and at Jn 1:4 and 5:26.+1:2This is a more literal rendering of ζωὴν αἰώνιον ( zōēn aiōnion), which most English translations render as “eternal life.” See UBSHS (Jn), 88.+1:3Lit have. ME (see note at Jn 3:15).+1:3Lit may have fellowship with us. ME (see UBSHS [1 Jn], 17; translation and note at Jn 3:15). Cf TEV.+1:3Lit And the fellowship that is ours. ME (see UBSHS [1 Jn], 17). Cf TEV.+1:4Lit so that our joy may be made complete. ME (see translation and notes at Jn 15:11). ἡμῶν ( hēmōn) here is interpreted as an inclusive first person plural. This is reflected in the translation.+1:5Or heard. Cf BSL, 1 Jn 1:5, sv ἀκούω; L-N, 33.212.+1:6Lit not doing the truth. ME (see translation and notes at Jn 3:21).+1:7Or from all sin, or from every kind of sin.+1:8Lit If we say that we do not have sin. ME (see translation and notes at Jn 9:41 and 15:22-24).+1:8Cf Jn 3:16-21 and 9:35-41.+1:9Or trustworthy, or reliable.+1:9Lit and righteous/upright/just. ME(OTB) (see translation and notes at Mt 5:48; UBSHS [1 Jn], 31; v 2:12 below). Cf Ex 34:6-7.+1:9Or from all wickedness. Cf Rm 1; Ga 5:16-26; Eph 4:17-24; Col 3:5-8.+1:10Lit we have not sinned. The perfect tense is used here, and therefore “guilty of sin” has been used in translation to signal the ongoing effects at the time of the speaker. Cf HCSB.+1:10Lit him.+1:10Cf Jn 5:38, 15:7; Col 3:16; 1 Jn 2:14.+2:1Lit an advocate/pleader/encourager/strengthener/one called alongside to help. ME (see note at Jn 14:15). Cf CJB, NCV, NIV, NLT, TEV. In this context, the advocate/pleading/appealing role is primarily in view. As v 2 indicates (note ἱλασμός [ hilasmos] there; cf Lk 18:9-14), the appeal is primarily for mercy and forgiveness, though help to resist further sin is also probably implied as well. Cf Jb 33:23-24; Lk 18:9-14; Heb 4:16.+2:2Lit He is the propitiation/expiation for our sins, and not for ours only, but also for [those] of the whole world. ME(OTB)/IT (see translation and notes at Lk 18:13 and Rm 3:25; NET Bible Notes, 1 Jn 2:2).+2:3Or proof.+2:3Lit By this we know. ME (see UBSHS [1 Jn], 37-8). Cf NEB.+2:3Lit him.+2:3Cf 2 Co 13:5-6.+2:4Lit him. Cf NCV, NLT.+2:4Lit his. Cf NCV, NLT.+2:5Or word, or message.+2:5Or reached its goal, or accomplished its goal, or been brought to completion. See translation and notes at Lk 13:32.+2:5Lit that we are in him. ME (see translation and note at Jn 10:38). Cf CJB, TEV.+2:6Lit that he dwells/remains/continues in him. ME (see translation and notes at Jn 6:56, 10:38, 14:10, 14:20, and 15:4).+2:6Lit he must, just as that one walked, also himself to walk. ME (see BDAG, 803, sv περιπατέω 2; L-N, 41.11, 64.14; UBSHS [Jn], 43). Cf CJB, ISV, NIV, NLT, TEV.+2:6Cf Jn 13:31-35, 15:8; 1 Co 11:1; 1 Th 1:6.+2:7Cf Lv 19:18; Mt 5:17, 22:20; Rm 13:8-10.+2:7Lit which you have. In this context, ἔχω ( echo) means “a sense of obligation in regard to something” ( BDAG, 421, sv 7.a.δ.).+2:7Or word, or message, or teaching. Cf REB in ESS (1, 2, 3 Jn), 50.+2:7Or heard. Cf L-N, 33.12.+2:8Lit which is true in him and in you. ME (see NAC [Jn], 79; Ibid [1, 2, 3 Jn], 96; FSB, 1 Jn 2:7; Robertson, Word Pictures, 1 Jn 2:8; Vincent, Word Studies, 2:331; UBSHS [1 Jn], 45). Cf Mt 5:17; Jn 13.+2:11Lit walks about [here and there]. ME/IT (see UBSHS [1 Jn], 49; the last clause in this verse).+2:12Or for his name’s sake. Cf Ex 34:6-7; Is 48:9-11; Cf Jr 31:31-34; Ml 3:6.+2:13Cf Jr 31:31-34. Maintaining consistency in translation with 1 Jn 1:1 (see translation and notes there).+2:15Lit the world and the things of the world. ME (see BDAG, 562, sv κόσμος 7.b.; UBSHS [1 Jn], 55). Cf NCV at v 16.+2:16According to the UBSHS, “The three following phrases are given not as an exhaustive enumeration but by way of characteristic examples of ‘all that is in the world’” ( UBSHS [1 Jn], 56).+2:16Lit of the flesh. Translating “flesh” according to “Flesh” P (see FBT Chart).+2:16Lit the lusts of the eyes. ME(I/F)/IT (see translation and notes at Mt 6:22-23). Cf 1 Co 5:11, 6:10; Eph 5:5.+2:16Cf Ps 73; Jr 9:22; 1 Ti 6:17.+2:17Or is about to pass away. Not out of existence altogether, but in its present form as tainted by evil and decay. Cf Gn 6:13, 9:11; Ps 72:5, 17, 89:36-37, 102:25-28, 148:6; Is 34:4-5, 65:17-25, 66:22; Jr 31:35-36, 33:20-21; 1 Co 7:31; Heb 1:10-12; Jm 1:10; 1 Pt 1:24; 4:7; 2 Pt 2:6, 3:13;1 Jn 2:17; Re 12:7-10, 21:1-4. Cf also 1 Co 2:6.+2:17Lit and. Cf ESV, NCV, NET.+2:18Or have heard. Cf BSL, 1 Jn 2:18, sv ἀκούω; BDAG, 38, sv ἀκούω 3; TEV.+2:18Lit an anti-Messiah. ME (see ANLEX, 59, sv ἀντίχριστος 2; BDAG, 91, sv ἀντίχριστος; BSL, 1 Jn 2:18, sv ἀντίχριστος; UBSHS [1 Jn], 62; Vincent, Word Studies, 2:337). Here, the “against” idea is signaled in translation by “oppose,” while the “in place of” idea is signaled by “imposter” and “true.” Cf Is 10:12, 30:30-33; Ezk 38:17; Dn 7:7-28, 8:23-25; Jl 3; Zc 12-14; Th 2:1-12; Re 13.+2:18Lit many anti-Messiahs. ME (see ANLEX, 59, sv ἀντίχριστος 1).+2:20Or and all of you know the truth. There is no direct object explicitly stated in the Greek text, and therefore it must be inferred from the context. Since this is most likely an allusion to Jr 31:34 (see NET Bible Notes, 1 Jn 2:20), the “Holy One” is most likely the implied direct object here.+2:22Lit Who is the liar, except...? EFE. For the rhetorical effect intended by the question here, see UBSHS (1 Jn), 68.+2:23Lit he does not have the Father. ME. Cf TEV.+2:23Lit he has the Father. ME (see BDAG, 420, sv ἔχω 2.b.; UBSHS [1 Jn], 70).+2:24Or have heard. Cf BSL, 1 Jn 2:24, sv ἀκούω; BDAG, 38, sv ἀκούω 3.+2:24Cf Jn 5:38, 8:31, 15:7; Col 3:16.+2:24Lit will dwell/remain/abide/continue. ME (see translation and notes at Jn 6:56, 10:38, 14:10, 14:20, and 15:4). Cf CJB.+2:25Lit And this is the promise that he has promised. ME. Cf CJB, NCV, NIV, NRSV, RSV.+2:25This is a more literal rendering of ζωὴν αἰώνιον ( zōēn aiōnion), which most English translations render as “eternal life.” See UBSHS (Jn), 88.+2:26Or are trying to deceive.+2:27Lit from him.+2:27Lit and you do not have need that someone should teach you. ME (see UBSHS [1 Jn], 74). Cf Jn 14:15-17, 26.+2:27Or genuine, or reliable.+2:27Given the prevalence of the anti-Messiah (the ones who are “against/in place of the Anointed One”) theme in this chapter, ψεῦδος ( peudos) (lit false) most likely means “counterfeit” here. Cf CJB, NIV; translation and notes at v 18.+2:27Lit dwell/remain/abide/continue in. ME (see translation and notes at Jn 6:56, 10:38, 14:10, 14:20, and 15:4).+2:27Lit with him. Cf TEV.+2:28Lit dwell/remain/abide/continue in him. ME (see translation and notes at Jn 6:56, 10:38, 14:10, 14:20 and 15:4).+2:28Lit at his coming. The genitive here is subjective, and the Second Coming is meant here. This is reflected in the translation. Cf NET, NLT.+2:29Lit he. Cf NCV, NLT, TEV.+2:29Lit you know that also/likewise everyone who is doing the righteousness. ME (see UBSHS [1 Jn], 79).+2:29Lit have been conceived by him, or have been fathered by him. ME (see notes at Jn 1:13, 1 Pt 1:3, and Ga 4:21-30).