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“In These Latter Days He Has Spoken to Us through His Son”
While in times past it was in various parts+ and in various ways that God spoke to our ancestors+ through the prophets, in these latter+ days he has spoken to us through his Son, whom he appointed heir of all creation, through whom he also ordained the ages, who is the radiance of God’s glory and the exact representation of his nature, and who upholds the whole creation by his powerful command.+ After making atonement to cleanse away the uncleanness of guilt generated by sins,+ he sat down at the right hand of the Majestic One+ on high, having been exalted above the angels with far greater power and authority,+ inasmuch as it is a title+ so far superior to theirs that he has inherited. Indeed, to which of the angels did God+ ever declare:
“ˢYou+ are my Son!
I, on this day, anoint you as my chosen king.++
Or again,
“I will be his Father, and he will be my Son.”+
And again, when he brings his firstborn+ into the world, he says,
“All God’s angels must worship him.”+
And whereas about the angels he says,
“He makes his angels winds,+
and his servants flames of fire,”+
about the Son he says this:
“ˢYour throne, O God, endures forever into the ages of the ages,
and it is a just scepter that will rule+ your Kingdom.
You loved righteousness and hated wickedness;
for such loyalty+ God, the God in covenant with you,+
has anointed you preeminently with the oil of joy,
giving you greater honor than your companions.++
10 And,
“It was ˢyou, O Lord, who laid the earth’s foundation in the beginning,
and it was by your hands that the heavens were made.
11 They will perish, but you will surely remain;
they will all wear out like a cloak.
12 You will swing them about+ like a mantle;
like a cloak they will indeed be changed.
You, however, remain the same;
your years will never come to an end.”+
13 Now to which of the angels has God+ ever said,
“Continue sitting at my right hand,
until I make ˢyour enemies a footstool under your feet”?+
14 All the angels are spirits+ in the service of God, are they not, sent out on assignment to bring help to those who are to inherit salvation?
+1:1Or various times, or various portions, or little by little. Cf Jn 3:34.+1:1Or forefathers. Lit fathers.+1:2Or last.+1:3Or word.+1:3Lit Having made/performed purification of sins. ME(OTB)/IT (see JFB, 2:441; LALS, sv καθαρισμός; UBSHS [Heb], 10; translation and notes at 2 Pt 1:9) See also Timothy Miller, “Paul’s Priestly Mission and Salvation from the Coming Wrath: A Missiological Probe of Romans 15:16 and the Question of Divine Anger through the Worldview of Leviticus” (PhD diss., Columbia International University, 2024). Cf, eg, Lv 4:20, 4:31, 6:7, 16:1-34; Nu 15:28; Jb 7:21.+1:3Lit of the majesty. ME (see L-N, 12.5).+1:4Lit having becoming superior in rank to the angels. ME (see UBSHS [Heb], 13).+1:4Or a name. Cf DuCL; UBSHS (Heb), 13.+1:5Lit he. Cf CJB, ISV, NET, NIV, NLT, TEV.+1:5Unless otherwise marked (through superscript—ˢyou), all second person pronouns are in the second person plural.+1:5Lit I today have fathered you, or I today have begotten you. ME(OTB/H) (see translation and notes at Ac 13:33).+1:5Ps 2:7+1:52 Sm 7:14+1:6Cf Ps 89:27; Col 1:15-18; Re 1:5.+1:6Dt 32:43 (LXX); cf Ps 97:7.+1:7The Greek word used here can mean “wind,” “spirit,” or “breath.”+1:7Ps 104:4. Cf, eg, Jb 1-2; Ps 148:8; Ga 4:3, 9; Col 2:8, 20; Re 7:1, 14:18, 16:5.+1:8Lit that [will be] the scepter of. ME (see UBSHS [Heb], 19). Cf CJB, NCV, NLT.+1:9Lit That is the reason why. ME(OTB)/IT (see translation and notes at Mt 10:37, 22:32; Lk 14:26; Jn 12:5; 1 Co 16:22; Ga 3:6; Jm 1:12).+1:9Lit the God of you. ME(OTB)/IT. Covenantal connotations have been activated by “love” and “hate” in this context (see translation and notes at Mt 10:37, 22:32; Lk 14:26; Jn 12:5; 1 Co 16:22; Jm 1:12).+1:9Lit has anointed you with the oil of joy above your companions. ME/IT (see UBSHS [Heb], 20). Cf GeCL; TEV.+1:9Ps 45:6-7+1:12Or roll them up.+1:12Ps 102:25-27+1:13Lit he.+1:13Ps 110:1+1:14Or winds.